Articles: patients.
-
Anesthesia and analgesia · Jul 2024
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyPalpation Versus Ultrasonography for Identifying the Cricothyroid Membrane in Case of a Laterally Deviated Larynx: A Randomized Trial.
Large neck circumference and displacement of the trachea due to pathology increase the risk of failed identification of the cricothyroid membrane and cricothyroidotomy. We investigated whether ultrasound aids in the successful identification of the cricothyroid membrane in a model of an obese neck with midline deviation of the trachea. ⋯ Identification of the cricothyroid membrane in a model of an obese neck with midline deviation of the trachea was more often successful with ultrasound compared to palpation. Our study supports the potential use of ultrasound before induction of anesthesia and airway management in this group of patients, and it may even be applied in emergency situations when ultrasound is readily available. Further studies in human subjects should be conducted.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effectiveness of head-mounted ultrasound display for radial arterial catheterisation in paediatric patients by anaesthesiology trainees: A randomised clinical trial.
The effectiveness of head mounted real-time ultrasound displays (hereafter referred to as 'smart glasses') in improving hand-eye coordination in less experienced individuals, such as trainees in anaesthesia, is unclear. ⋯ Smart glasses-assisted ultrasound guided radial artery catheterisation improved the first attempt success rate among anaesthesiology trainees, reducing the number of attempts and overall complication rates in small paediatric patients. Smart glasses were more effective for anaesthesia residents (CA 2-4 years) but were not effective for paediatric anaesthesiology fellows (CA 5 years).
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of a music-based caregiving intervention on pain intensity in nursing home patients with dementia. A cluster-randomized controlled study.
Treatment of chronic pain in patients with dementia is challenging because they have reduced ability to report pain and are particularly vulnerable to side effects of analgesics. Different types of music-based therapy have been recommended and are used as an alternative to analgesics, but the evidence is lacking. Therefore, we performed a cluster-randomized controlled study (RCT) to reduce pain intensity using music-based caregiving (MBC) over 8 weeks in nursing home patients with dementia and chronic pain. ⋯ The study did not reveal any effect of MBC on pain intensity when compared with the control group (B = -0.15, 95% CI [-0.72 to 0.43]). No significant difference was found within the intervention group analyzing the impact of intervention time (B = 0.73, 95% CI [-0.55 to 2.02]) or chronic primary vs secondary pain syndromes (B = 0.45, 95% CI [-0.05 to 0.96]). Our data from this first RCT on music and pain intensity in patients with dementia and chronic pain did not find an effect of MBC on pain.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Can observational learning reinforce open-label placebo hypoalgesia?
Previous research has indicated that an open-label placebo can reduce pain in both healthy participants and patients with chronic pain. Because nondeceptive placebos seem to be an effective and more ethical alternative to deceptive placebos, optimizing this kind of treatment is essential. Observational learning was previously shown to induce the deceptive placebo effect; therefore, this study aimed to verify its effectiveness in fortifying the open-label placebo effect. ⋯ The placebo effect was successfully evoked in all experimental groups (OLP + OBL, OLP, and OBL), which confirms the effectiveness of both open-label and deceptive placebo interventions for pain reduction. However, the hypoalgesic effect was of similar magnitude in the OLP and OLP + OBL groups, which indicates that observation did not contribute to the effect. The results showed that reinforcing the open-label placebo by observational learning may be redundant, but more research is needed to confirm these findings.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Safety and efficacy of arimoclomol in patients with early amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ORARIALS-01): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, phase 3 trial.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder leading to muscle weakness and respiratory failure. Arimoclomol, a heat-shock protein-70 (HSP70) co-inducer, is neuroprotective in animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, with multiple mechanisms of action, including clearance of protein aggregates, a pathological hallmark of sporadic and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of arimoclomol in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. ⋯ Orphazyme.