Articles: mass-screening.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Clinical outcomes in systematic screening for atrial fibrillation (STROKESTOP): a multicentre, parallel group, unmasked, randomised controlled trial.
Atrial fibrillation is a leading cause of ischaemic stroke. Early detection of atrial fibrillation can enable anticoagulant therapy to reduce ischaemic stroke and mortality. In this randomised study in an older population, we aimed to assess whether systematic screening for atrial fibrillation could reduce mortality and morbidity compared with no screening. ⋯ Stockholm County Council, the Swedish Heart & Lung Foundation, King Gustav V and Queen Victoria's Freemasons' Foundation, the Klebergska Foundation, the Tornspiran Foundation, the Scientific Council of Halland Region, the Southern Regional Healthcare Committee, the Swedish Stroke Fund, Carl Bennet AB, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, and Bristol Myers Squibb-Pfizer.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Has COVID-19 changed the approach to HIV diagnosis?: A multicentric Italian experience.
The occurrence of COVID-19 pandemic had a significant negative effect on health care systems over the last year. Health care providers were forced to focus mainly on COVID-19 patients, neglecting in many cases equally important diseases, both acute and chronic. Therefore, also screening and diagnostic strategies for HIV could have been significantly impaired. ⋯ Routinely performing HIV testing in patients with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection is identifying and linking to care underdiagnosed people living with HIV earlier. Thus, combined tests (HIV and SARS-CoV-2) should be implemented in patients with SARS-CoV-2 symptoms overlapping HIV's ones. Lastly, our results lastly showed how urgent implementation of a national policy for HIV screening is necessary.
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Lung cancer screening (LCS) reduces lung cancer mortality, but it also carries a range of risks. Shared decision-making (SDM) is a process of engaging patients in their health care decisions and is a vital component of LCS. ⋯ Among recently screened patients, the quality of decision-making about LCS is highly variable. The low use of educational materials including decision aids and imbalance of conveying benefit vs risk information to patients is concerning. A structured approach using decision aids may assist with providing a balanced presentation of information and may improve the quality of SDM.
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Multicenter Study
Access to lung cancer screening in the Veterans Health Administration: Does geographic distribution match need in the population?
Studies show uneven access to Medicare-approved lung cancer screening (LCS) programs across the United States. The Veterans Health Administration (VA), the largest national US integrated health system, is potentially well positioned to coordinate LCS services across regional units to ensure that access matches distribution of need nationally. ⋯ Disparities in LCS access exist based on where Veterans live, particularly for rural Veterans, even after partnering with the GO2 Foundation for Lung Cancer. The nationally integrated VA system has an opportunity to leverage regional resources to distribute and coordinate LCS services better to ensure equitable access.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Potential Disparities by Sex and Race or Ethnicity in Lung Cancer Screening Eligibility Rates.
Criteria for low-dose CT scan lung cancer screening vary across guidelines. Knowledge of the eligible pool across demographic groups can enable policy and programmatic decision-making, particularly for disproportionately affected populations. ⋯ Screening eligibility rates vary widely across guidelines, with disparities evident in E-I ratios, including among non-Hispanic Black men, despite higher lung cancer burden. Consideration of smoking duration in risk assessment criteria may address current disparities.