Articles: mass-screening.
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Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Feb 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyRandomized controlled trial on effectiveness of ultrasonography screening for breast cancer in women aged 40-49 (J-START): research design.
In cancer screening, it is essential to undertake effective screening with appropriate methodology, which should be supported by evidence of a reduced mortality rate. At present, mammography is the only method for breast cancer screening with such evidence. However, mammography does not achieve sufficient accuracy in breasts with high density at ages below 50. ⋯ We have planned a randomized controlled trial to assess the effectiveness of ultrasonography in women aged 40-49, with a design to study 50,000 women with mammography and ultrasonography (intervention group), and 50,000 controls with mammography only (control group). The participants are scheduled to take second round screening with the same modality 2 years on. The primary endpoints are sensitivity and specificity, and the secondary endpoint is the rate of advanced breast cancers.
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Multicenter Study
Utilization of surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma among hepatitis C virus-infected veterans in the United States.
Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is recommended for patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and cirrhosis. However, whether surveillance is being done as recommended is unknown. ⋯ Houston Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Center of Excellence and the National Cancer Institute.
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J. Thromb. Haemost. · Jan 2011
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyIs extensive screening for cancer in idiopathic venous thromboembolism warranted?
Patients with a first episode of idiopathic venous thromboembolism (IVTE) have an estimated 10% incidence of cancer within 12 months after diagnosis. However, the utility of screening for cancer in this population is controversial. ⋯ The low yield of extensive screening and lack of survival benefit do not support routine screening for cancer with abdominal and chest CT scan and mammography in patients with a first episode of IVTE.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
A validation study of the Brief Scale for Psychiatric problems in Orthopaedic Patients (BS-POP) for patients with chronic low back pain (verification of reliability, validity, and reproducibility).
We developed the Brief Scale for Psychiatric problems in Orthopaedic Patients (BS-POP) (doctor and patient versions). The present study aimed to proactively verify the factorial validity, internal consistency, criterion-related validity and reproducibility of the BS-POP with regard to chronic low back pain patients. ⋯ The present findings indicate that the BS-POP possesses sufficient reliability regarding computational psychology. The BS-POP constitutes a tool enabling orthopaedists themselves to easily identify psychiatric problems in orthopaedic patients. Further study is required regarding responsiveness.
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Multicenter Study
Trends in breast cancer mortality in Sweden before and after implementation of mammography screening.
Incidence-based mortality modelling comparing the risk of breast cancer death in screened and unscreened women in nine Swedish counties has suggested a 39% risk reduction in women 40 to 69 years old after introduction of mammography screening in the 1980s and 1990s. ⋯ Without individual data it is impossible to completely separate the effects of improved treatment and health service organisation from that of screening, which would bias our results in favour of screening. There will also be some contamination of post-screening mortality from breast cancer diagnosed prior to screening, beyond our attempts to adjust for delayed benefit. This would bias against screening. However, our estimates from publicly available data suggest considerably lower benefits than estimates based on comparison of screened versus non-screened women.