Articles: child.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Therapeutic play for hospitalized preschoolers in Lebanon.
Therapeutic play in the form of an interactive puppet show was administered to 50 preschool children one day before surgery in a hospital in Lebanon. A control group of 50 preschool children received routine care but no therapeutic play. Physiological and behavioral measures were assessed on admission, at the time of a stressful procedure (preoperative injection), after surgery, and after discharge. ⋯ Following surgery, the experimental group took less time to void their bladders, another physiological indication of lower stress level. After hospital discharge, the children who had received therapeutic play had significantly lower scores on all six factors of the Post Hospital Behavior Questionnaire. This study demonstrates that therapeutic play is a valid means of reducing stressful responses to hospitalization and surgery among children in Lebanon.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Randomised controlled trial of clinical outcome after chest radiograph in ambulatory acute lower-respiratory infection in children.
When available, chest radiographs are used widely in acute lower-respiratory-tract infections in children. Their impact on clinical outcome is unknown. ⋯ Chest radiograph did not affect clinical outcome in outpatient children with acute lower-respiratory infection. This lack of effect is independent of clinicians' experience. There are no clinically identifiable subgroups of children within the WHO case definition of pneumonia who are likely to benefit from a chest radiograph. We conclude that routine use of chest radiography is not beneficial in ambulatory children aged over 2 months with acute lower-respiratory-tract infection.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
[Effects of a preoperative educational intervention on the behavior of parents of three to six-year old children having day surgery].
This quasi-experimental study assessed the effects of an intervention with the parents of children aged 3-6 at 2 weeks before the child's admission for day surgery. It entailed providing the parents with an educational booklet embodying the learning theories of Gagné and of Bandura. The 150-parent sampling was randomized into 2 experimental groups (receiving the educational booklet) and 1 control group (receiving only an information leaflet). ⋯ The study underscores the effectiveness of an educational approach favouring the use of family-targeted instructional material. It also shows that parents are able to use the information they receive to effectively prepare their tots for day surgery. The implications for research and clinical practice are examined from the vantage points of benefits to parents, child, and nursing staff and implementation of new ambulatory-care strategies.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Stress-point intervention for parents of repeatedly hospitalized children with chronic conditions.
Little is known about how to assist children with chronic conditions and their families cope with repeated hospitalizations. A two-group, pretest-posttest study was done to determine whether a community-based, stress-point nursing intervention for parents could decrease distress and improve child and family functioning. Fifty participants were randomly assigned to intervention or usual care control groups. ⋯ There were no child behavior differences between the groups after hospitalization. Intervention children had no developmental regression at 2 weeks and better developmental gains 3 months after discharge than the usual care children. Stress-point intervention for families and their children with chronic conditions improved family coping and functioning, and eliminated hospitalization-induced developmental regression.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Helping mothers cope with a critically ill child: a pilot test of the COPE intervention.
The purpose of this study was to pilot test the effects of a theoretically driven intervention program (COPE = Creating Opportunities for Parent Empowerment) on the coping outcomes of critically ill children and their mothers. Thirty mothers of 1- to 6-year-old children in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) were randomly assigned to receive COPE or a comparison program. Mothers who received the COPE program: (a) provided more support to their children during intrusive procedures; (b) provided more emotional support to their children; (c) reported less negative mood state and less parental stress related to their children's emotions and behaviors; and (d) reported fewer post-traumatic stress symptoms and less parental role change four weeks following hospitalization. Results indicate the need to educate parents regarding their children's responses as they recover from critical illness and how they can assist their children in coping with the stressful experience.