Articles: child.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Does oral rehydration therapy alter food consumption and absorption of nutrients in children with cholera?
In order to estimate consumption of food and absorption of nutrients, a metabolic balance study was conducted in 47 children between 1 and 5 years old, suffering from acute cholera. Twenty-two of the children were treated by intravenous solution (IV) only and 25 others by oral rehydration along with intravenous solution (ORS/IV) when necessary. After initial rehydration a nonabsorbable charcoal marker was fed to the patients followed by a typical Bangladeshi home food of known composition offered ad libitum. ⋯ Absorption of nitrogen was significantly lower in the ORS/IV group, but absorption of fat was not significantly impaired. Vomiting was significantly higher in the ORS/IV group. The differences in the consumption and absorption of nutrients between the two groups were transient and came to the same level within 2 weeks after recovery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Coping skills training for children: effects on distress before, during, and after hospitalization for surgery.
Thirty-three parent-child dyads (children's mean age = 7.2 years, SD = 1.2) were randomly assigned to information, anxiety reduction, or coping skills presurgical preparatory interventions. All groups received the "information" procedure that described typical hospitalization and surgery experiences via a puppetry film viewed 1 week prior to hospital admission. In the anxiety reduction group, parents also learned procedures (e.g., relaxation) to help them reduce their own distress. ⋯ Anxiety reduction and coping skills groups, compared to the information group, reduced children's self-reported fearfulness and parents' reported distress. Furthermore, only the coping skills group, compared to the information group, exhibited fewer maladaptive behaviors during hospitalization (ratings by observers) and less problematic behavior in the preadmission week and second postdischarge week (daily parental diaries). Theoretical explanations for these results are discussed in light of the similar findings obtained by Peterson and Shigetomi (1981).
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Bull Med Libr Assoc · Jan 1986
When children die: death in current children's literature and its use in a library.
Death and dying are dealt with realistically and sympathetically in current children's literature. Books can play an important role in helping children suffering from catastrophic illness by showing how other children have coped with similar situations; they can also form a basis for bibliotherapy with patients. This paper examines current trends in children's literature and describes how these books have been incorporated into a patient library at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.