Articles: child.
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J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther · Oct 2013
ReviewOpioid use and the risk of respiratory depression and death in the pediatric population.
Pediatric patients may be at an increased risk of adverse effects from various medications. Recently, there have been a number of serious adverse events, including several pediatric patients experiencing severe respiratory depression and death as a result of the use of codeine for pain control following tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. ⋯ Opioid-associated respiratory depression was very rare and no deaths were reported in the reviewed studies. These findings under the well-defined conditions of controlled studies may not be the best means of determining overall opioid-associated side effects in pediatric patients.
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Academic pediatrics · Sep 2013
ReviewThe relationship between parent health literacy and pediatric emergency department utilization: a systematic review.
Low health literacy in parents can potentially impact understanding of a child's diagnosis and treatment course. No reviews have addressed parent health literacy in the emergency department (ED), the relationship between parent health literacy and child ED utilization, or the impact of low literacy interventions on child ED utilization. ⋯ Roughly 1 in 3 parents of children presenting to the ED have low health literacy. Importantly, interventions targeting parents likely to have low health literacy have an impact in reducing ED utilization.
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Pediatric emergency care · Sep 2013
ReviewEmergency psychiatric care for children and adolescents: a literature review.
Over the years, increasing numbers of children and adolescents have sought help for acute psychiatric problems. The responses to this treatment-seeking behavior are heterogeneous in different settings and nations. This review aimed to provide an answer to the questions "which care should be offered to children and adolescents presenting with a psychiatric emergency or crisis and how should it be organized." ⋯ Currently, emergency psychiatric care for children and adolescents is practiced within a wide range of care models. There is no consensus on recommended care or recommended setting for this population. More research is needed to make exact recommendations on the standardization of psychiatric care for young people in emergency settings.
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Current American Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines recommended that statins should be considered as a first-line agent in children as early as 8 years of age. The aim of our work is to assess the safety of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors in children with hypercholesterolaemia. ⋯ Controlled studies in children show that statin monotherapy is efficacious, well tolerated and safe in the short-time. Unfortunately, these studies have relatively short-term follow-up periods, and therefore, long-term safety remains unclear.
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Eur. J. Paediatr. Neurol. · Sep 2013
Review Case ReportsIsolated paediatric neurosarcoidosis presenting as epilepsia partialis continua: a case report and review of literature.
Isolated paediatric neurosarcoidosis (IPN) is exceptionally rare and only seven cases have been reported so far in the literature. We report the clinical and radiological profile of a 7 year-old boy with epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) who was initially thought to have Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM), but was subsequently found to have isolated neurosarcoidosis. Additionally, we performed a literature search on Medline and Embase and secondary sources of data such as reference list of articles reviewed. ⋯ Diagnosis presents a clinical challenge as a result of its protean manifestations. Due to its rarity, there remains a lack of evidence base to inform the best choice of treatment for these children. Our patient was successfully treated with a combination of various immunomodulants.