Articles: child.
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Identifying children and adolescents with cardiometabolic risk at an early stage is crucial for effective treatment and prevention. From a practical perspective, this could be accomplished by assessing the presence of abdominal obesity, which serves as a surrogate indicator of increased cardiometabolic risk and is easy to measure. However, the assessment of abdominal obesity via waist circumference has not yet become a standard procedure in pediatric healthcare. The present study aimed to analyze the secular trends in increased cardiometabolic risk, as indicated by waist circumference among Spanish children and adolescents. ⋯ The prevalence of Spanish children with increased cardiometabolic risk, identified by abdominal obesity, significantly increased among those with overweight during the last two decades. This finding underlines the need of including the measurement of waist circumference as a standard procedure in pediatric practice.
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One in four U.S. service members endorses food insecurity. The Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) is an invaluable, underutilized resource that can increase access to nutritious food for families with children under 5 years of age. Our research sought to evaluate military family perceptions and engagement with the WIC program. ⋯ Our findings suggest that unique circumstances related to military family life create a profound need for programs addressing food support, such as WIC. Interventions to improve WIC enrollment among military families need to be rooted in broad outreach efforts, not targeted at specific ranks, branches, or ages. Specific recommendations include increasing information dissemination, universally screening military families for WIC, decreasing logistical burdens, and involving military leadership.
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Observational Study
The evaluation of endotracheal tube cuff pressure in pediatric patients by subjective inflation techniques: a prospective observational study.
Cuffed endotracheal tubes (ETTs) are commonly used in pediatric patients, with the gold standard for measuring cuff pressure being a cuff pressure manometer. However, this equipment is not always available in every operating room. Subjective inflation techniques, such as the minimal occluding volume (MOV) technique and the stethoscope-guided (Steth) technique, offer convenient and safe alternatives to standard methods but do not provide quantitative measurements. This study aimed to evaluate ETT cuff pressures and volumes of air inflated using the two subjective techniques (MOV and Steth) in pediatric patients. ⋯ Subjective inflation techniques (MOV or Steth) achieve target ETT cuff pressures in less than 50%, and carry the risks of both overinflation and underinflation, even without post-intubation complications.
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The idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndrome is characterized by recurrent episodes of hypovolemia, with an unknown cause, presenting as a distributive and hypovolemic shock, due to fluid loss to the extravascular space. We describe a case of a previously healthy seven-year-old boy, who started with prodromal symptoms (abdominal pain, fatigue, nausea), followed by a fluid extravasation phase, with hemoconcentration, hypoproteinemia, and muscular edema in the abdominal wall and lower limbs, accompanied by pain - compartment syndrome. ⋯ In this case, it is possible to distinguish the three idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndromes phases, as described in the literature. Although rare, this syndrome can be fatal, and the differential diagnosis with other causes of shock represents a challenge.