Articles: child.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effect of human rotavirus vaccine on severe diarrhea in African infants.
Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis among young children worldwide. Data are needed to assess the efficacy of the rotavirus vaccine in African children. ⋯ Human rotavirus vaccine significantly reduced the incidence of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis among African infants during the first year of life. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00241644.).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the safety of early oseltamivir treatment among children 0-9 years of age hospitalized with influenza in El Salvador and Panama.
Oseltamivir reduces symptom duration among children with uncomplicated influenza, but few data exist on treatment efficacy and tolerability among hospitalized children, particularly among infants aged <1 year. We evaluated tolerability and efficacy of oseltamivir treatment of children aged 0-9 years hospitalized with influenza. ⋯ Oseltamivir treatment was well tolerated among hospitalized children, including among infants aged <1 year.
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Multicenter Study
Diagnostic Test Accuracy of a 2-Transcript Host RNA Signature for Discriminating Bacterial vs Viral Infection in Febrile Children.
Because clinical features do not reliably distinguish bacterial from viral infection, many children worldwide receive unnecessary antibiotic treatment, while bacterial infection is missed in others. ⋯ This study provides preliminary data regarding test accuracy of a 2-transcript host RNA signature discriminating bacterial from viral infection in febrile children. Further studies are needed in diverse groups of patients to assess accuracy and clinical utility of this test in different clinical settings.
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Scand J Trauma Resus · Aug 2016
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialValidation of the PECARN clinical decision rule for children with minor head trauma: a French multicenter prospective study.
To date, the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) rule for identifying children who are at very low risk of clinically-important traumatic brain injuries after minor head trauma has not been validated prospectively in an independent population. Our goal was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the PECARN clinical decision rule in a French pediatric population in multiple clinical settings. ⋯ We conducted an external validation study of the PECARN clinical decision rule for the detection of clinically-important traumatic brain injuries in children with minor head trauma, according to the methodological standards. The PECARN rule successfully identified all patients with clinically-important traumatic brain injuries, with a limited use of CT scans. Conducting a broad validation study with a large cohort is a prerequisite to provide sufficient statistical power before authorizing its implementation and generalization.
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Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg · Aug 2016
Multicenter Study Comparative StudySevere Trauma in Estonia: 256 consecutive cases analysed and the impact on outcomes comparing two regions.
The purpose of this study was to investigate epidemiology of severe injuries in Estonia while comparing outcomes at regional trauma facilities. ⋯ The annual incidence of injuries with ISS > 15 was 256 cases with overall mortality at 20.7 % in Estonia. We observed comparable adjusted outcomes at the major regional trauma facilities. This study contains benchmarking data on severely injured patients in Estonia providing potential for future trauma care evaluation and regional outcome comparisons.