Articles: neuropathic-pain.
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To determine the risk factors for new neuropathic pain (NeP) after five years in healthy middle-aged and elderly volunteers. ⋯ This longitudinal cohort study identified five independent risk factors for development of new NeP after five years, with related factors of spinal inclination, sarcopenia, and sciatica. New NeP may be prevented by intervention or treatment of these factors at an early stage in relatively healthy middle-aged and elderly people.
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Ocular pain is a debilitating condition that is challenging to treat as therapies that target the ocular surface are often ineffective. We previously reported a short-term reduction in ocular pain after one periocular transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) session. The current study aims to elucidate the long-term effect of TENS on ocular pain. ⋯ Our preliminary data suggest that TENS can be integrated into the long-term management of ocular pain with improvements in overall pain intensity.
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Cell. Mol. Neurobiol. · Aug 2020
ReviewRegional Hyperexcitability and Chronic Neuropathic Pain Following Spinal Cord Injury.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes maladaptive changes to nociceptive synaptic circuits within the injured spinal cord. Changes also occur at remote regions including the brain stem, limbic system, cortex, and dorsal root ganglia. These maladaptive nociceptive synaptic circuits frequently cause neuronal hyperexcitability in the entire nervous system and enhance nociceptive transmission, resulting in chronic central neuropathic pain following SCI. ⋯ Current literature describes regional studies of electrophysiological or neurochemical mechanisms for enhanced nociceptive transmission post-SCI, but few studies report the electrophysiological, neurochemical, and neuroanatomical changes across the entire nervous system following a regional SCI. We, along with others, have continuously described the enhanced nociceptive transmission in the spinal dorsal horn, brain stem, thalamus, and cortex in SCI-induced chronic central neuropathic pain condition, respectively. Thus, this review summarizes the current understanding of SCI-induced neuronal hyperexcitability and maladaptive nociceptive transmission in the entire nervous system that contributes to chronic central neuropathic pain.
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With advances in peripheral nerve stimulation technology, there has been an emergence of new minimally invasive techniques to provide neurostimulation therapies for chronic pain. This technical note describes the utilization of ultrasonography for percutaneous placement of peripheral nerve stimulation leads at the sciatic, femoral, and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves. ⋯ The option of ultrasound-guided percutaneous technique for neurostimulation lead placement allows this treatment modality to be made available to more patients with chronic pain in specific nerve distributions.
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This study aimed to describe and validate a novel ultrasound-guided intercostal peripheral nerve stimulator implantation technique. ⋯ To our knowledge, this study is the first to determine the feasibility of ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve stimulator placement in close proximity to the pleura. All the stimulator leads were accurately placed using our ultrasound-guided technique and were within 0.5-3 mm from the intercostal nerve. Although this technique might prove technically challenging, the use of ultrasound for intercostal peripheral nerve stimulator implantation appears feasible and warrants further investigation to establish this as an acceptable technique for patients.