Articles: neuropathic-pain.
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Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN) is the most frequent adverse effect of pharmacological cancer treatments. The occurrence of neuropathy prevents the administration of fully-effective drug regimen, affects negatively the quality of life of patients, and may lead to therapy discontinuation. CIPN is currently treated with anticonvulsants, antidepressants, opioids and non-opioid analgesics, all of which are flawed by insufficient anti-hyperalgesic efficacy or addictive potential. ⋯ Biochemically, we observed a downregulation of HCN2 expression and an upregulation of the HCN regulatory beta-subunit MirP1. Finally, we report the efficacy of the selective HCN1 inhibitor MEL57A in reducing hyperalgesia and allodynia in oxaliplatin-treated rats without cardiac effects. In conclusion, this study strengthens the evidence for a disease-specific role of HCN1 in CIPN, and proposes HCN1-selective inhibitors as new-generation pain medications with the desired efficacy and safety profile.
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Peripheral neuropathy is currently the most common neurological complication in HIV-infected individuals, occurring in 35-50% of patients undergoing combination anti-retroviral therapy. Data have shown that distal symmetric polyneuropathy develops in mice by 6 weeks following infection with the LP-BM5 retrovirus mixture. Previous work from our laboratory has demonstrated that glial cells modulate antiviral T-cell effector responses through the programmed death (PD)-1: PD-L1 pathway, thereby limiting the deleterious consequences of unrestrained neuroinflammation. ⋯ Results reported here connect peripheral immune cell infiltration and reactive gliosis with nitrosative damage. These data may help elucidate how retroviral infection-induced neuroinflammatory networks contribute to nerve damage and neuropathic pain.
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J. Pharm. Pharmacol. · Mar 2018
Anion exchanger 3 in dorsal root ganglion contributes to nerve injury-induced chronic mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia.
To determine the role of anion exchanger 3 (AE3) in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in nerve injury-induced chronic nociception in the rat. ⋯ Data suggest that AE3 is present in DRG and contributes to mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in neuropathic rats.
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The capsaicin 8% patch is a treatment option in patients with localized peripheral neuropathic pain. Better understanding of its mechanisms of action and knowledge on predictive biomarkers for a treatment response is warranted. ⋯ The capsaicin 8% patch induces a reduction in A-delta PPA in healthy persons and in patients with neuropathic pain adding to the mechanistic understanding of its effect.
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Osteoarthr. Cartil. · Mar 2018
Neuropathic pain in end-stage hip and knee osteoarthritis: differential associations with patient-reported pain at rest and pain on activity.
We investigated whether pain at rest and pain on activity were differentially associated with neuropathic pain scores in individuals with end-stage hip and knee OA. ⋯ Findings support that possible neuropathic pain is experienced by a notable proportion of patients with end-stage hip and knee OA and is more strongly associated with pain at rest than pain on activity, particularly in men. Clinical presentation of pain at rest may warrant more thorough evaluation for potential neuropathic pain and have implications for appropriate pain management.