Articles: general-anesthesia.
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Parental presence during induction of anesthesia (PPIA) remains controversial and little is known about surgeons' attitudes toward this clinical practice. A questionnaire was mailed to all the United States (US) members of the Surgical Section of the American Academy of Pediatrics and all members of the British Association of Paediatric Surgeons. Questions were asked about attitudes toward PPIA in the operating room and the prevalence of such practice. ⋯ These differences in prevalence persisted after logistic-regression models were used to adjust for potential confounding demographic variables. We conclude that the attitudes and practice toward PPIA held by surgeons from the US and GB differ significantly. While a large percentage of the US sample agree that there are benefits in PPIA, only a minority report the routine use of PPIA in contrast to most respondents from GB who report PPIA as routine in their hospital.
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The use of ketamine anesthesia in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been limited by its effects on blood pressure and concerns about untoward psychological reactions. However, because its effect on seizures is presumably less than that of methohexital, ketamine is listed as an alternative method to prolong seizure length. In this case series, 10 patients were given ketamine anesthesia during ECT. ⋯ There were no adverse psychological reactions noted with ketamine, which was generally well tolerated. It is concluded that ketamine anesthesia with the doses used in this series is unlikely to be associated with longer seizures in ECT. However, for theoretical reasons discussed, ketamine may be worth studying further in ECT.
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Fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed on 11 children aged from 6 months to 3 years and weighing between 2.1 and 12.5 kg using the laryngeal mask airway (LMA). The LMA allows observation of subglottic stenosis which can not be seen under tracheal intubation. The smaller prototype of the fiberoptic bronchoscope whose diameter is 1.8mm has no provision for angulation at the tip. However, using the LMA as a guide it was easy to reach the subglottic stenosis even using this smaller bronchoscope.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Nov 1996
Comparative Study[Combined general anesthesia using moradol in children].
The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of moradol (butorphanol tartrate) as an analgetic component of combined total anesthesia in children. The adequacy of anesthesia was assessed by echography, electrocardiography, and electroencephalography, measurements of stress hormones, electrolyte balance, and metabolic parameters at various stages of anesthesia and surgery. A total of 103 patients aged 1 to 4 years were examined, subjected to abdominal, thoracal, urological, orthopaedic, and ENT surgery. ⋯ A single injection of moradol during induction narcosis was sufficient for 2.5 to 3 hours of surgery. No serious side effects of the drug were observed. Prolonged (10 hours on average) anesthesia persisted after the operation, this decreasing the postoperative use of analgesics.