Articles: general-anesthesia.
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Preschool children depend on their parents for support and guidance in dealing with new or stressful situations. When requested, the parents should be allowed to support their children during ambulatory surgical procedures, especially during the induction of anesthesia. With proper understanding on our part, and with proper preparation and counseling, the parents can become our allies and help to smooth the experience for the child, for the staff, and for themselves. Future efforts should be directed at studying the effects of different methods of preoperative preparation and counselling on the parents' attitude and cooperation during induction.
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Care of patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage caused by ruptured cerebral artery aneurysm requires careful assessment of neurological function and prevention of rebleeding and ischaemia throughout the perioperative period. An understanding of the cerebral protection techniques used during periods of ischaemia or circulatory arrest will assist the provision of optimal conditions for successful surgical treatment of the aneurysm.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Oct 1995
Review[Do general anesthetics act on specific receptors?].
First of all, the meanings of the terms anaesthesia, anaesthetic and receptor are defined. Examples of anaesthetic actions in model systems are then described and compared with clinical actions of anaesthetics. When anaesthetics achieve a certain membrane concentration, they begin to influence membrane protein function in a nonspecific manner. ⋯ Rather, it is important that the drug does not show undesirable side effects when it achieves a critical membrane concentration at which lipophilic interactions occur. There are examples of specific interactions of general anaesthetics with receptors as well as examples of nonspecific effects on membranes. Whether these interactions are important for anaesthesia remains to be seen.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Oct 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe effects of anesthesia with increasing end-expiratory concentrations of sevoflurane on midlatency auditory evoked potentials.
We studied midlatency auditory evoked potentials (MLAEP) during general anesthesia with increasing end-expiratory concentrations of sevoflurane in 12 patients scheduled for elective gynecologic surgery. After oral premedication with 20 mg clorazepate dipotassium, anesthesia was induced with etomidate (0.2 mg/kg intravenously [IV]). Vecuronium (0.1 mg/kg) was given for neuromuscular block, and controlled ventilation with sevoflurane in 100% O2 was instituted. ⋯ In contrast, MLAEP showed marked dose-dependent, statistically significant increases in the latencies of Na, Pa, Nb, and P1 and decreases in the amplitudes of Na/Pa, Pa/Nb, and Nb/P1. Under 2 vol% of sevoflurane, MLAEPs were severely attenuated or abolished. Based on these observations, > or = 1.5 vol% sevoflurane should suppress phenomena such as auditory perceptions, intraoperative wakefulness, and awareness.