Articles: general-anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparison of transcutaneous end-tidal and arterial measurements of carbon dioxide during general anaesthesia.
A randomized, prospective study was performed to evaluate the accuracy of a new transcutaneous carbon dioxide (CO2) monitor (Fastrac) during general anaesthesia. Twenty-two adult patients undergoing elective surgery were subjected to three different levels of minute ventilation by varying their respiratory rates in a randomized cross-over design. Simultaneous measurements of transcutaneous CO2 (PTCCO2) and arterial CO2 (PaCO2) were obtained at three levels of minute ventilation (low, medium and high). ⋯ These differences were greatest when PaCO2 was in the high range (48-60 mmHg). We conclude that the new Fastrac CO2 monitor is accurate for monitoring carbon dioxide levels during general anaesthesia. The new transcutaneous devices provide an effective method for non-invasive monitoring of CO2 in situations where continuous, precise control of CO2 levels is desired.
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Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
[Clinical studies on the influence of Ornipressin (POR 8) on the cardiovascular system in general anesthesia].
A clinical prospective study of 231 patients was conducted to examine the influence of Ornipressin (POR 8) on the cardiovascular system. The standard concentration of the vasoconstrictor was 0.2 i.u./ml. ⋯ Cardiac arrhythmias without clinical relevance could be observed sporadically. There were significant differences to the control group only in terms of pulse rate under volatile anaesthetics, and changes in blood pressure during the first 10 minutes under neurolept analgesia and under combined anaesthesia.
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Jan 1992
Masseter spasm and malignant hyperthermia: a retrospective review of a hospital-based pediatric otolaryngology practice.
It has been claimed that the combination of halothane and succinylcholine, commonly used for anesthetic induction during short pediatric otolaryngologic procedures, is associated with a 1% incidence of masseter spasm (MS) which may be an early sign of malignant hyperthermia (MH). An 18-month retrospective chart review of all patients undergoing general anesthesia at the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (n = 14, 112) was conducted to assess the incidence of MS and its management. ⋯ In the otolaryngology service, the incidence of developing MS was 2 of 206 (1%) in children who were anesthetized with halothane and received succinylcholine, patients were identified in the MH high-risk group, and none developed MH. The findings affirmed the risks of using this combination of anesthetic and neuromuscular blocking agents during induction and the need for establishing management guidelines.
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Clin Exp Obstet Gyn · Jan 1992
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialA comparative study of propofol and thiopental as induction agents for elective caesarean section.
Twenty women for elective caesarean section received either propofol 2.3 mg/kgr or thiopental 4.4 mg/kgr for induction of general anaesthesia. Maintainance was similar for both groups. Mean arterial pressure and heart rate were recorded non-invasively before anaesthesia, during intubation, one and five minutes after intubation. ⋯ During intubation heart rate rose in both groups, but remained increased five minutes after tracheal intubation only in the thiopental treated women (p less than 0.05). There was no significant neonatal depression as assessed by Apgar Scores and blood gas analyses. Propofol appears to be a suitable alternative to thiopental as an induction agent for obstetric anaesthesia.