Articles: general-anesthesia.
-
The multiple occlusion technique was used to study the effects of paralysis on ventilatory mechanics during anaesthesia. Total respiratory compliance (Crs) was measured during spontaneous breathing and following neuromuscular block with controlled ventilation in 23 infants. ⋯ A possible cause of these differences may be the type of controlled ventilation given during paralysis, with tidal volume directly influencing values of Crs obtained. The results of this study suggest that values of Crs obtained during spontaneous breathing and paralysis should not be used interchangeably until further studies have been performed to assess factors influencing Crs during controlled ventilation.
-
Case Reports
[Anesthetic management of a patient with Conradi's syndrome (chondrodysplasia punctata)--a case report].
Conradi's syndrome is a rare hereditary disease characterized by punctate epiphyseal calcifications. The symptoms include short stature, typical facies with hypertelorism, saddle nose, short neck, tracheal stenosis and scoliosis. ⋯ This is a report on a girl with Conradi's disease who developed respiratory problems due possibly to gastric aspiration during ophthalmic surgery under general anesthesia. Several anesthetic problems raised by this case are discussed.
-
The Journal of pediatrics · Aug 1989
Hydrostatic reduction of ileocolic intussusception: a second attempt in the operating room with general anesthesia.
Over a 3-year-period, standard treatment with hydrostatic pressure from a contrast enema failed to reduce ileocolic intussusception in 31 of 62 children. With the child anesthetized in the operating room, a second contrast enema was given before laparotomy. Of the 31 intussusceptions, 21 (68%) were reduced without complication, thereby avoiding the discomfort, longer hospitalization, complications, and expense of surgery. ⋯ Success with the second enema may be related to the effects of general anesthesia. In addition, partial reduction with the first enema may improve blood flow from the intussusceptum so that it becomes smaller and easier to reduce with the second enema. Because it can easily be added to standard management protocols without increased risk, routine use of this second enema with anesthesia is recommended.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
[Sufentanil-N2O2/O2 or halothane-N2O/O2 anesthesia in surgery of infants and children with congenital heart defects. Hemodynamics and plasma catecholamines].
Sufentanil-nitrous oxide/oxygen anesthesia was compared to halothane-nitrous oxide/oxygen anesthesia in 44 infants and children undergoing cardiac surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to one of the two techniques studied, with 22 patients in each group. The mean weight was 8.3 (4.4-15.8) kg in the sufentanil (S) group and 11.7 (5.2-18) kg in the halothane (H) group. ⋯ There were dose-dependent decreases in heart rate and small but significant decreases in mean and diastolic arterial pressure in the S group during deepening of anesthesia. There was a significantly greater decrease in systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures during the same period in the H group whereas the reduction in heart rate was minimal. In addition, in 5 of 22 patients receiving H there were episodes of nodal rhythms with dramatic decreases in systemic arterial pressure and peripheral arterial oxygen saturation in cyanotic patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
[A comparison of the course of anesthesia using a bolus application of propofol, methohexital or etomidate as hypnotics and alfentanil analgesia].
The suitability of the analgesic-hypnotic combination alfentanil-propofol in nitrous oxide-oxygen IPPB for short-term and outpatient anesthesia was studied in 50 patients of ASA risk groups I and II. This study appeared pertinent since the two substances have the shortest half-lives of their respective classes of medication. For comparison, two groups of similar size were treated with the well-established combinations alfentanil-methohexital and alfentanil-etomidate. ⋯ These patients also showed the most rapid recovery; consequently, the combination of alfentanil and propofol would appear to be especially suitable for outpatients. For the induction of anesthesia alfentanil was administered in a dosage of 30 micrograms/kg body weight in combination with propofol 1.5 mg/kg, methohexital 1.0 mg/kg or etomidate 0.2 mg/kg. For anesthesia maintenance the following mean dosages were found to be suitable: Alfentanil 1 microgram/kg/min, propofol 46 micrograms/kg/min, methohexital 24 micrograms/kg/min, and etomidate 4 micrograms/kg/min.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)