Articles: general-anesthesia.
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J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. · Jan 1987
Use of capnography and transcutaneous oxygen monitoring during outpatient general anesthesia for oral surgery.
The combination of the capnograph (respired CO2 monitor) and the transcutaneous oxygen monitor was evaluated as a non-invasive system for monitoring of respiratory function in 10 ASA class I patients undergoing ultralight general anesthesia for removal of third molars. Capnography proved to be a sensitive and accurate method for detecting apnea and airway obstruction using the continuous display of the CO2 waveform. All episodes of apnea or obstruction were immediately detected as the respired CO2 level fell to zero baseline. ⋯ During steady-state conditions of respiration, transcutaneous oxygen tensions (PtcO2) correlated well with simultaneously measured PaO2 (r = 0.93). However, during any period when oxygenation was rapidly changing (step increase in FIO2, step decrease in FIO2, or apnea) the PtcO2 lagged behind changes in PaO2 even after a five-minute equilibration period, thereby not accurately reflecting the true state of oxygenation. Consequently, the transcutaneous oxygen monitor does not appear to be optimal as a respiratory monitor in the setting of ultralight general anesthesia where rapid, critical changes in oxygenation must be detected without delay.
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Dent. Clin. North Am. · Jan 1987
Historical ArticleAnesthetic management. Historical, present, future.
This article deals with specific agents that either have been or are being employed for the production of general anesthesia or sedative states for the control of pain or anxiety in the dental setting. Change, progress, trends, and contributions to the field of dental anesthesia made by dentists are stressed. In addition, a brief synopsis of the most popular present-day techniques and agents is discussed. Finally, the future of the field of dental anesthesia and the role to be played by dentists is considered.
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Postanesthetic complications can occur even in the best of circumstances. Proper preparation of the staff, aggressive monitoring of the recovering patient, and early recognition and management of the complications are essential if the outcome is to be successful. ⋯ The anesthetic procedure is not over once the anesthetic agents are discontinued. The skillful anesthetist is aware of the possibilities of postoperative complications and prevents problems by employing enhanced monitoring techniques during the recovery phase.
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Biol Res Pregnancy Perinatol · Jan 1987
The value of maternal and fetal blood gas analysis in cesarean sections under general anesthesia.
Maternal and fetal blood gas values were studied in 90 selected mothers of comparable age, weight, duration of pregnancy and hematocrit values undergoing cesarean section under balanced general anesthesia in four differing clinical situations: elective with and without placental dysfunction, and emergency with and without fetal distress in apparently normal mothers. Pre-induction (Fi O2 0.21) and pre-delivery (Fi O2 0.60) maternal blood gas analysis, along with umbilical cord blood gas analysis were performed in all cases. ⋯ Of the remaining 54 cases (60%) with similar mean maternal gas values the neonates showed an apgar score of less than seven in the first minute. The score improved in three minutes in 35 of them (66%), and umbilical cord blood gas values showed a low pH (umbilical vein 7.22 +/- 0.02 units, umbilical arterial 7.21 +/- 0.01 units) but satisfactory pO2 (umbilical vein 39.4 +/- 1.9 torr, umbilical arterial 2.5 +/- 1.3 torr).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)