Articles: general-anesthesia.
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Int Clin Psychopharmacol · Jul 1986
Adverse cognitive effects of general anaesthesia in young and elderly patients.
For many years, reports have appeared indicating cognitive deficits in elderly patients following anaesthesia. However, there is no general consensus of opinion concerning the putative relationship between these deficits and the anaesthetic process. In a prospective study, 85 patients undergoing elective surgery were assessed on a battery of standardized cognitive tests, 1 day before and 2 days after surgery. Analysis of results indicated that anaesthesia does produce post-operative cognitive deficits in both young and elderly patients, and a possible causative mechanism is discussed.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 1986
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialHemodynamic effects of atracurium, vecuronium and pancuronium during sufentanil anesthesia for coronary artery bypass.
A study was undertaken to evaluate the cardiovascular effects of sufentanil, in combination with three different muscle relaxants, used as sole anesthetic with 100% O2 in 30 patients undergoing elective coronary artery vein graft surgery. Patients were randomly allocated to receive pancuronium (P), vecuronium (V) or atracurium (A) for muscle relaxation. All patients received 15 micrograms/kg sufentanil at induction followed by 5-10 micrograms/kg sufentanil prior to sternotomy. ⋯ Sufentanil in combination with pancuronium or vecuronium provided stable hemodynamic conditions throughout anesthesia. Atracurium was less satisfactory. We conclude that there is no advantage to be gained, in the presence of beta blockade, from the use of the new generation muscle relaxants as compared to pancuronium during high-dose sufentanil anesthesia for coronary artery vein grafting.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jul 1986
Wakefulness during cesarean section after anesthetic induction with ketamine, thiopental, or ketamine and thiopental combined.
Thirty-six pregnant women (ASA class I or II) at term who underwent general anesthesia and cesarean section received either ketamine, 1 mg/kg (n = 12); thiopental, 4 mg/kg (n = 13); or a combination of ketamine, 0.5 mg/kg, and thiopental, 2 mg/kg (n = 11). A blood pressure cuff inflated to 250 mm Hg isolated one arm from the effects of succinylcholine so that awareness during anesthesia could be assessed by asking the patient to move her hand. Although only one patient receiving ketamine responded to commands during anesthesia, 46% of patients receiving either thiopental or the combination responded to commands intraoperatively. ⋯ Three patients (8%) had postoperative recall of intraoperative awareness; one had received thiopental and two the combination. Maternal intraoperative cardiovascular responses among the groups were similar, as were umbilical blood gas values, newborn Apgar scores, and neonatal neurobehavioral test scores at 4 and 24 hr. Ketamine more effectively blocked maternal responsiveness to commands and strong stimuli during the first few minutes after anesthetic induction for cesarean section than did thiopental or a combination of thiopental and ketamine, each at a lower dose.