Articles: general-anesthesia.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2002
Multicenter StudyA survey of practice of tracheal intubation without muscle relaxant in paediatric patients.
Because of the renewed interest in intubation in children without relaxants, over a period of 1 month, the anaesthesiologists of five paediatric universitary teaching hospitals were asked to complete a questionnaire each time they performed a tracheal intubation without muscle relaxant. ⋯ Sevoflurane is the most commonly used agent for tracheal intubation without relaxants with higher doses being required in infants aged less than 6 months. Propofol, even with opioids, was not so successful.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Nov 2001
Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe recovery of Senegalese African blacks from intravenous anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil is slower than that of Caucasians.
Differences in sensitivity to anesthetic drugs have already been described among races. This study was designed to comparatively investigate the anesthetic requirements of two different ethnic groups: Caucasians and African blacks. Forty-five Caucasians from Italy and 45 African blacks from Senegal, who underwent general IV anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil, were comparatively evaluated for anesthetic depth and time lapsed before recovery. We used an electroencephalographic-derived index of depth of anesthesia, the bispectral index (BIS), and evaluation of clinical variables to assess the depth of anesthesia and the recovery trend. Mean BIS values from Caucasians after propofol discontinuation returned to baseline (92-100) in approximately 8 min, whereas in African blacks BIS values remained <80 for some 30 min. Time to eye opening was 10.6 +/- 4.8 min in Caucasians versus 16.9 +/- 8.8 min in African blacks (P < 0.001). Time to respond to loud verbal commands was 14.8 +/- 9.1 min in African blacks versus 9.1 +/- 4.2 min in Caucasians (P < 0.01). During anesthetic induction, the mean arterial pressure decreased by 20% in Caucasians and by only 10% in African blacks. We conclude that the recovery from general anesthesia with propofol was slower in African blacks compared with Caucasian patients. ⋯ This study demonstrates statistically significant differences between Caucasians and African blacks in the arousal time from IV anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil. The authors conclude that the recovery from general anesthesia was slower in African blacks compared with Caucasian patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Remifentanil and fentanyl during anaesthesia for major abdominal and gynaecological surgery. An open, comparative study of safety and efficacy.
and objective This open, multicentre study compared the efficacy and safety of remifentanil with fentanyl during balanced anaesthesia with 0.8% isoflurane (end-tidal concentration) for major abdominal and gynaecological surgery, and the efficacy and safety of remifentanil for pain management in the immediate postoperative period. ⋯ Anaesthesia combining isoflurane with a continuous infusion of remifentanil was significantly more effective than fentanyl at blunting responses to surgical stimuli. Significantly fewer patients responded to tracheal intubation with remifentanil at 0.4 microg kg(-1) min(-1), supporting the use of a higher initial infusion rate before intubation. Both remifentanil and fentanyl were well-tolerated, with reported adverse events typical of mu-opioid agonists.
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J. Perianesth. Nurs. · Jun 2001
Multicenter StudyEvaluation of ASPAN's preoperative patient teaching videos on general, regional, and minimum alveolar concentration/conscious sedation anesthesia.
This descriptive study was undertaken as part of a clinical improvement effort by the ASPAN Research and Education Committees to evaluate adult patients' perception of and satisfaction with the ASPAN Preoperative Patient Teaching videotape on general, regional, and minimum alveolar concentration (MAC)/conscious sedation anesthesia. Research findings on the use of videotapes for preoperative education are mixed. Some studies have reported that the use of videotapes increases knowledge and decreases anxiety, whereas other studies have shown a minimal effect on knowledge and anxiety. ⋯ Patients were asked to rank each of 4 teaching methods. Among the choices of individualized instruction, written materials, Internet-based instruction, and videotape, the videotape method was ranked as most preferred. The information obtained from this study will be used to modify and improve the content of the patient education videotape produced by ASPAN.
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Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim · Feb 2001
Multicenter Study[Multicenter study on the usefulness of the NasOral system for the denitrogenation and apneic oxygenation in anesthesia].
To study the usefulness of the NasOral system for denitrogenation prior to anesthetic induction for improving pulmonary oxygen storage that maintains SpO2 within the normal range during induced apnea and facilitates apneic oxygenation. ⋯ The NasOral system facilitates denitrogenation before induction of anesthesia in all patients with permeable nasal fossae as well as apneic oxygenation during laryngoscopy.