Articles: pain-management-methods.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and Microcurrent Nerve Stimulation (MENS) in the Management of Masticatory Muscle Pain: A Comparative Study.
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a heterogeneous group of pathologies affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the jaw muscles, or both. Epidemiological studies of TMD reveal a prevalence of 82% in the general population with 48% of them presenting with clinical features of muscle tenderness and difficulty in mouth opening. TMD are considered to be the most common orofacial pain conditions of nondental origin. ⋯ In the present study, it was found that TENS and MENS are equally effective in improving the functional mouth opening. MENS showed better and immediate effect in relief of pain. Microcurrent also has the advantage of being subthreshold, and hence the side effects such as tingling sensation and paresthesia seen to occur in some patients following TENS are absent. TENS and MENS can be considered as the first line of treatment in patients with acute and chronic masticatory muscle pain and also as an effective treatment option in cases of functional mouth opening.
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Bmc Health Serv Res · Dec 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialTwelve-month effect of chronic pain self-management intervention delivered in an easily accessible primary healthcare service - a randomised controlled trial.
To investigate the effects after twelve months related to patient activation and a range of secondary outcomes on persons with chronic pain of a chronic pain self-management course compared to a low-impact outdoor physical activity, delivered in an easily accessible healthcare service in public primary care. ⋯ No long-term effect of the chronic pain self-management course was found in comparison with a low-impact physical activity intervention for the primary outcome patient activation or for any secondary outcome.
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J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol · Dec 2018
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyRandomized and controlled study comparing patient controlled and radiologist controlled intra-procedural conscious sedation, using midazolam and fentanyl, for patients undergoing insertion of a central venous line.
Interventional Radiology procedures can provoke anxiety and may be painful. Current practice, Radiologist Controlled Sedation (RCS), involves titrating aliquots of midazolam and fentanyl to patient response but underdosing and overdosing may occur. This study tests a new method of titrating sedation/analgesia during the procedure, Patient Controlled Sedation (PCS), in which a combination of fentanyl and midazolam are administered using a patient-controlled analgesia pump. This allows the patient to self-control their sedation/analgesia during the procedure. ⋯ We show that PCS is non-inferior to RCS in terms of dosage given and degree of sedation. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to show intra-procedural PCS in an Interventional Radiology setting using midazolam and fentanyl as a randomised comparative trial. It has wide applicability in a procedural setting for very low cost and with minimal additional training required.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Dec 2018
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyANI-guided intraoperative fentanyl consumption and postoperative analgesia in patients receiving scalp block versus incision-site infiltration for craniotomy.
Scalp block or local anesthetic infiltration for craniotomy blunts hemodynamic response to noxious stimuli, reduces opioid requirement and decreases postoperative pain. Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) provides objective information about the magnitude of pain (rated from 0 to 100 with 0 indicating extreme nociception and 100 indicating absence of nociception) and adequacy of intra-operative analgesia. This study compared intra-operative fentanyl consumption guided by ANI and postoperative pain in patients who receive scalp block with those who receive incision-site local anesthetic infiltration for craniotomy. ⋯ ANI-guided analgesic administration during craniotomy demonstrated lower intra-operative fentanyl consumption in patients receiving scalp block as compared to incision-site local anesthetic infiltration. No correlation was seen between postoperative NRS and ANI.
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J. Perianesth. Nurs. · Dec 2018
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffects of Virtual Reality and External Cold and Vibration on Pain in 7- to 12-Year-Old Children During Phlebotomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the virtual reality (VR) and external cold and vibration methods on pain scores in children aged 7 to 12 years during phlebotomy. ⋯ Results suggest that VR and external cold and vibration are effective in reducing the pain in 7- to 12-year-old children during phlebotomy. VR can be used safely for the pain management of children who are growing up in the age of technology.