Articles: pain-management-methods.
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Opioid analgesics are widely used as effective analgesics for the treatment of moderate-to-severe pain. However, the analgesic efficacy of opioids is well known to vary widely among individuals, and effective pain treatment is hampered by vast individual differences. Although these differences in opioid requirements have been attributed to various factors, genetic factors are becoming increasingly relevant to the development of genome science. ⋯ Personalized pain treatment has begun using prediction formulas based on associated gene polymorphisms. Improvements in personalized pain treatment are expected as scientific knowledge further expands in the future.
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Curr Pain Headache Rep · Feb 2018
ReviewComplex Regional Pain Syndrome, Current Concepts and Treatment Options.
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) refers to a chronic pain condition that is characterized by progressively worsening spontaneous regional pain without dermatomal distribution. The symptomatology includes pain out of proportion in time and severity to the inciting event. The purpose of this review is to present the most current information concerning epidemiology, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and therapy for CRPS. ⋯ In recent years, discovery of pathophysiologic mechanisms of CRPS has led to significant strides in the understanding of the disease process. Continued elucidation of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms will allow for the development of more targeted and effective evidence-based therapy protocols. Further large clinical trials are needed to investigate mechanisms and treatment of the disorder.
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Journal of dentistry · Feb 2018
Review Meta AnalysisNon-pharmacological interventions for reducing mental distress in patients undergoing dental procedures: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
This meta-analysis investigates the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions in adults undergoing dental procedures under regional or general anesthesia compared to standard care alone or an attention control group on the reduction of mental distress, pain, and analgesic use. ⋯ This systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that non-pharmacological interventions may be beneficial for reducing mental distress in patients undergoing dental procedures and could thus be considered as valuable adjunct to standard care.
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The aim of this article is to review the available evidence regarding image-guided percutaneous cryoneurolysis, with a focus on indications, technique, efficacy, and potential complications. ⋯ Percutaneous image-guided cryoneurolysis is safe and effective for the management of several well-described syndromes involving neuropathic pain. Additional rigorous prospective study is warranted to further define the efficacy and specific role of these interventions.
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Nursing is becoming increasingly aware of its impact as a global profession. Part of this evolution is the understanding that the Western evidence-based construct may not be reliably or universally applicable to transcultural settings and clients. ⋯ The role of the pain management nurse in the global world is to provide individualized and culturally relevant pain management for clients, which is mindful of multifactorial contributors to the pain experience, such as the physiologic, affective, cognitive, behavioral, sociocultural, and environmental, and to view adequate pain management as an international human right. Through the skillful integration of theory, practice, and the ability to build respectful and responsible nurse-client partnerships, pain management nurses can deliver contextually relevant care that promotes safety, quality, and healing.