Articles: interviews.
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Critical care medicine · Aug 2008
Multicenter StudyDoubt and belief in physicians' ability to prognosticate during critical illness: the perspective of surrogate decision makers.
Although discussing a prognosis is a duty of physicians caring for critically ill patients, little is known about surrogate decision-makers' beliefs about physicians' ability to prognosticate. We sought to determine: 1) surrogates' beliefs about whether physicians can accurately prognosticate for critically ill patients; and 2) how individuals use prognostic information in their role as surrogate decision-makers. ⋯ Although many surrogate decision-makers harbor some doubt about the accuracy of physicians' prognostications, they highly value discussions about prognosis and use the information for multiple purposes.
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Oncology nursing forum · Jan 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyDay surgery for breast cancer: effects of a psychoeducational telephone intervention on functional status and emotional distress.
To determine the efficacy of a nursing intervention based on self-regulation theory known as the Attentional Focus and Symptom Management Intervention (AFSMI) in enhancing physical and emotional well-being in women who underwent day surgery for breast cancer. ⋯ Findings validate the use of the self-regulation model in designing individualized nursing interventions. Redirecting attention and focusing on concrete objective features hold potential in developing other innovative nursing interventions.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study Controlled Clinical Trial
[Is the suicidal risk assessment scale RSD of predictive value?].
A part (60% to 70%) of those who are going to act out their suicide consult a doctor the month before. Studies have shown the need to improve the practitioner's capacity to diagnose depression. The assessment of the suicidal risk is crucial. The search for suicidal risk factors helps to define the populations at risk. However, it doesn't provide information concerning the possibility of acting out in the short term. And how does one react when faced with those who do not present any of the risk factors? Psychometric instruments attempt to help the therapist in his/her reasoning. SUICIDAL RISK ASSESSMENT: Among them, the suicidal risk assessment scale RSD should be mentioned. Its objective is to estimate the seriousness of the suicidal risk, with 11 levels. It is built around a possible will to commit suicide rather than a single assessment of the frequency of suicidal ideas. Its construction in hierarchical order permits the progressive assessment of the suicidal risk, in the form of a semi-structured interview. Hence, the suicidal risk assessment scale RSD looks for the existence of death wishes (levels 1-2), of suicide ideations and its frequency (levels 3-4-5), and of a passive desire to die (level 6). Level 7 shows the onset of a decision making process, except that the patient is still inhibited by various important factors in his/her life. More often, the fear of inflicting immense suffering to his/her loved ones or for religious beliefs, is found. From level 8, determination has made way to hesitation. An active death wish exists, and although the plan remains undefined, the act is decided on. At level 9 the methods of application are developed and a plan is established. The ultimate level exists when there is a start in the preparation of the act of suicide (level 10). This hierarchical order has been confirmed by some epidemiological studies. ⋯ Thus, the RSD appears of interest, from a clinical point of view, by providing a -diagnostic, or a scientific approach.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
The Johns Hopkins telephone diagnostic interview for the restless legs syndrome: preliminary investigation for validation in a multi-center patient and control population.
To develop and validate a telephone diagnostic interview (the Johns Hopkins telephone diagnostic interview for restless legs, abbreviated TDI) for diagnosis of the restless legs syndrome (RLS). ⋯ The TDI is a sensitive, specific, and reliable instrument for diagnosing RLS by experienced interviewers in a brief, anonymous telephone encounter.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
The effectiveness of intensive training for residents in interviewing. A randomized, controlled study.
Interviewing and the physician-patient relationship are crucial elements of medical care, but residencies provide little formal instruction in these areas. ⋯ An intensive 1-month training rotation in interviewing improved residents' knowledge about, attitudes toward, and skills in interviewing.