Articles: neuralgia.
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Mambalgins are 57-amino acid peptides isolated from snake venom that evoke naloxone-resistant analgesia after local (intraplantar) and central (intrathecal) injections through inhibition of particular subtypes of acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs). We now show that mambalgins also have an opioid-independent effect on both thermal and mechanical inflammatory pain after systemic intravenous (i.v.) administration and are effective against neuropathic pain. ⋯ These data further support the role of peripheral and central ASIC1-containing channels in pain, demonstrate their participation in neuropathic pain, and highlight differences in the repertoire of channels involved in different pain conditions. They also strengthen the therapeutic potential of mambalgin peptides that are active in a broader range of experimental pain models and through i.v. systemic delivery.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Mar 2016
Electroacupuncture Relieves Nerve Injury-Induced Pain Hypersensitivity via the Inhibition of Spinal P2X7 Receptor-Positive Microglia.
Electroacupuncture (EA) has therapeutic effects on neuropathic pain induced by nerve injury; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we examined whether EA treatment relieves pain hypersensitivity via the down-regulation of spinal P2X7 receptor-positive (P2X7R⁺) microglia-mediated overexpression of interleukin (IL)-1β and/or IL-18. ⋯ EA treatment relieves nerve injury-induced tactile allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia via the inhibition of P2X7R⁺ microglia-mediated IL-1β overexpression.
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The management of neuropathic pain (NP) is challenging despite it being the recent focus of extensive research. A number of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the management of NP have been published worldwide over the past 2 decades. This study aimed to assess the quality of these CPGs. ⋯ Greater efforts are needed not only to improve the quality of development and presentation of the CPGs, but also to provide more efficacy evidence for the management of patients with NP.
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Here we studied whether and through which mechanisms spinal administration of histamine dihydrochloride (histamine) attenuates pain behavior in neuropathic animals. Experiments were performed in rats with spinal nerve ligation-induced neuropathy and a chronic intrathecal catheter for spinal drug delivery. Mechanical hypersensitivity was assessed with monofilaments while radiant heat was used for assessing nociception. ⋯ Additionally, histamine prevented central (presumably postsynaptically-induced) facilitation of hypersensitivity induced by N-methyl-d-aspartate. The results indicate that spinal histamine at the dose range of 0.1-10µg selectively attenuates mechanical hypersensitivity and ongoing pain in neuropathy. The spinal histamine-induced antihypersensitivity effect involves histamine H2 and GABA(A) receptors and (presumably neuropathy-induced) co-activation of spinal α1-adrenoceptors.