Articles: hypnotics-sedatives.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparing efficacy and safety of four intravenous sedation regimens in dental outpatients.
Management of patients' fear and anxiety during dental treatment is a primary concern of dental practitioners. Pharmacological strategies used in outpatient dental settings must be both safe and effective. Regimens of intravenously administered sedative drugs were evaluated in a collaborative, multicenter study of outpatients undergoing removal of impacted third molars. ⋯ The results of this large-scale study provide assurance to both the public and the dental profession of the safety of parenteral sedation with these drugs and combinations of these drugs when titrated slowly in the recommended doses by appropriately trained dentists.
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Multicenter Study
Sedating critically ill patients: factors affecting nurses' delivery of sedative therapy.
Critical care nurses often have wide discretion in managing the sedative therapy of patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Little is known about the factors and processes that influence sedative practice. ⋯ Social, personal, and professional factors influence sedative therapy. Future research should establish the relative importance of these factors and determine whether their impact is attenuated when sedation protocols are implemented.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Propofol vs midazolam for ICU sedation : a Canadian multicenter randomized trial.
To determine whether sedation with propofol would lead to shorter times to tracheal extubation and ICU length of stay than sedation with midazolam. ⋯ The use of propofol sedation allowed for more rapid tracheal extubation than when midazolam sedation was employed. This did not result in earlier ICU discharge.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Mar 2001
Multicenter StudyUse of sedative and analgesic drugs in the first week of ICU stay. A pharmaco-epidemiological perspective.
To assess the current practice of pharmacological sedation and analgesia in patients admitted in Italian intensive care units. ⋯ Our results depict a relatively low prevalence of sedation in Italy, with the use of large number of different agents. We also observed a larger than expected use of some drugs, like propofol and fentanyl, that could be due to the unavailability of new sedative and analgesic drugs in Italy on 1994. In conclusion, Italian intensivists seem to be very conservative about the practice of pharmacological sedation in critically ill patients.
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Int J Geriatr Psychiatry · Aug 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialZaleplon shortens subjective sleep latency and improves subjective sleep quality in elderly patients with insomnia. The Zaleplon Clinical Investigator Study Group.
Insomnia is a frequent complaint in the elderly population. Hypnotic agents, including benzodiazepines, with longer pharmacological half-lives have been associated with side effects, including residual sedation, memory impairment, and discontinuation effects. Zaleplon is a short-acting (elimination half-life of 1 hour), non-benzodiazepine hypnotic that acts on the benzodiazepine type 1 site of the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptor complex. ⋯ Subjective sleep quality was improved for significantly more patients treated with zaleplon 10 mg than those treated with placebo during both weeks of treatment. There was a weak indication of rebound insomnia after discontinuation of treatment with the 10-mg dose, but no significant difference in common treatment-emergent adverse events across treatment groups. Zaleplon is an effective and safe hypnotic for the treatment of insomnia in the elderly.