Articles: propofol.
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Propofol is a 2,6-diisopropylphenol with sedative-hypnotic properties. Because of its slight solubility in water, the drug is formulated as an emulsion for clinical use. It is highly lipophilic and distributes extensively in the body. ⋯ By virtue of its pharmacokinetic profile, the drug lends itself to continuous infusion for maintenance of anesthesia. When used as the main anesthetic agent, it produces satisfactory anesthesia with rapid recovery and without major adverse effects in healthy individuals. In continuous infusion propofol can be used as an alternative to inhalation anesthetics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Haemodynamic changes after induction of anaesthesia and tracheal intubation following propofol or thiopentone in patients of ASA grade I and III.
Thirty-six ASA I patients received either propofol 2.25 (0.07) mg kg-1 (mean (SEM] or thiopentone 4.8 (0.18) mg kg-1, for induction of general anaesthesia together with fentanyl and a neuromuscular blocking drug. This technique was repeated in 12 ASA III patients, using propofol 1.8 (0.18) mg kg-1 or thiopentone 4.7 (0.37) mg kg-1. There was a significant decrease in systolic arterial pressure following induction of anaesthesia with both drugs; this was more pronounced after propofol, and in ASA III patients. Plasma noradrenaline concentrations increased after tracheal intubation only in the thiopentone group, but the pressor response to tracheal intubation was not attenuated by the use of propofol.
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Six patients were anaesthetized with 70% nitrous oxide in oxygen supplemented by infusion of propofol 40, 80, 120, 160 and 200 micrograms kg-1 min-1 sequentially in successive 10-min periods. Auditory evoked response (AER) and lower oesophageal contractility (LOC) were monitored. The AER findings were consistent with those noted in previous studies of i.v. agents. ⋯ Brainstem waves were not affected significantly. LOC, provoked and spontaneous, showed no consistent relationship with blood concentration of propofol. The two variables AER and LOC were not related.