Articles: intubation.
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Anesthesiologists may encounter particularly challenging airway management problems and anesthetic requirements for any surgical procedure. However, this is frequently the case with ENT surgery and its patient population. ⋯ Special ENT procedures require special skills. Anesthesiologists may be required to secure an airway in an unconventional manner in these patients, as well as use special ventilation methodology and challenging anesthesia techniques.
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The esophageal obturator airway (EOA) has been considered a beneficial ventilatory technique for use in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). At present, seven studies in the literature compare the EOA with other means of ventilation in humans; only one is an actual field study of its effectiveness. ⋯ There appears to be no current evidence of the EOA's effectiveness for ventilation in prehospital cardiac arrest, and fatal complications have been reported with its use. The use of the EOA to replace endotracheal intubation in airway management is not substantiated in the literature.
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The employment of a ventilator adds flexibility to the treatment of hypoventilation and hypoxia in the emergency department. Understanding the advantages of spontaneous respiration, the effects of positive pressure ventilation and the use of CMV, IMV, and PEEP allows for optimal care for emergency respiratory problems.
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A study was undertaken to assess the applicability of transtracheal ventilation in the instance of total upper airway obstruction. The effect of transtracheal jet ventilation through a variety of inflow catheters in the dog was studied. Arterial blood gas values, intratracheal pressure and minute ventilation were compared. ⋯ A dual-lumen needle, to provide exclusive respiratory access and support was then designed based on the preliminary data. Prolonged transtracheal jet ventilation with a totally obstructed upper airway was successfully conducted in a live canine subject. A review of the literature is presented.