Articles: hyperalgesia.
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J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol · Jan 2016
Observational StudyEvaluation of trichodynia (hair pain) during chemotherapy or tamoxifen treatment in breast cancer patients.
In women receiving antineoplastic therapy, hair loss is often accompanied by distressing hair or scalp sensations, such as hair pain (trichodynia) and pruritus. A scientific approach to objectively evaluate the course and characteristics of these unpleasant sensations is of great importance for the establishment of treatment strategies. ⋯ Hair and scalp sensations in group C were significantly more common, lasted longer, and were of greater intensity and more differentiated qualities than in group T. The occurrence of trichodynia in chemotherapy patients corresponded with the onset and duration of hair loss, thus suggesting a possible correlation.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jan 2016
Inhibition of Mitochondrial Fission Protein Reduced Mechanical Allodynia and Suppressed Spinal Mitochondrial Superoxide Induced by Perineural Human Immunodeficiency Virus gp120 in Rats.
Mitochondria play an important role in many cellular and physiologic functions. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles, and their fusion and fission regulate cellular signaling, development, and mitochondrial homeostasis. The most common complaint of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-sensory neuropathy is pain on the soles in patients with HIV, but the exact molecular mechanisms of HIV neuropathic pain are not clear. In the present study, we investigated the role of mitochondrial dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1, a GTPase that mediates mitochondrial fission) in the perineural HIV coat glycoprotein gp120-induced neuropathic pain state. ⋯ These data suggest that mitochondrial division plays a substantial role in the HIV gp120-related neuropathic pain state through mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and provides evidence for a novel approach to treating chronic pain in patients with HIV.
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The effects of ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide were evaluated on pain behaviours and markers of mast cell (MC) activity in a rat model of endometriosis plus ureteral calculosis (ENDO+STONE)-induced viscerovisceral hyperalgesia (VVH). Female Sprague-Dawley rats that underwent surgical induction of endometriosis were randomly assigned to receive active (ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide 10 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), orally) or placebo treatment for 25 days. At day 21, they underwent ureteral stone formation and were video-recorded till day 25 to evaluate ureteral and uterine pain behaviours. ⋯ In all animals, the global duration of ureteral crises correlated linearly and directly with cyst diameter, MC number and chymase in cysts, and NGF in cysts and DRG (0.02 < P < 0.0002). Ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide significantly reduces VVH from ENDO+STONE, probably by modulating MC expression/activity in cysts, thus reducing central sensitization due to noxious signals from endometriotic lesions. The results suggest potential utility of the compound for VVH in clinics.
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J Oral Facial Pain Headache · Jan 2016
Comparative StudyThe Detection of Small-Fiber Neuropathies in Burning Mouth Syndrome and Iatrogenic Lingual Nerve Injuries: Use of Quantitative Sensory Testing.
To assess thermal pain perception in patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS) and lingual nerve injury (LNI) by using a quantitative sensory testing (QST) protocol. ⋯ This study has demonstrated that the assessment of capsaicin and ethyl chloride-evoked sensitivities as well as the use of QST to assess thermosensitivity are useful approaches for detecting hyperalgesia or hypoalgesia to heat and cold in patients with BMS and LNI.
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J Oral Facial Pain Headache · Jan 2016
Comparative StudyUpregulation of the Purinergic Receptor Subtype P2X3 in the Trigeminal Ganglion Is Involved in Orofacial Pain Induced by Occlusal Interference in Rats.
To evaluate whether the purinergic receptor subtype P2X3 (P2X3R) in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons is involved in hyperalgesia of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) and masseter muscles associated with placement of an occlusal interference. ⋯ Upregulated P2X3R expression in the TG may contribute to orofacial pain development induced by an occlusal interference. P2X3R may be a therapeutic target for chronic TMJ or masseter muscle pain.