Articles: hyperalgesia.
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Postoperative pain management has increasingly become a public health problem worldwide. Psychological factors can be considered as independent risk factors for the intensity of postoperative pain and the occurrence of postoperative chronic pain. ⋯ These findings suggest that chronic restraint stress may influence postoperative hyperalgesia and NLRP3-mediated neuroinflammation, which may in turn contribute to stress-induced postoperative pain exacerbation.
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Previous studies have indicated a negative correlation between GRK2 expression and pain development and transmission. Here, we investigated whether G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) was involved in regulating diabetic mechanical hyperalgesia (DMH). ⋯ GRK2 expression regulated DMH progression and is expected to play a role in the development of targeted therapy for DMH. GRK2 and Epac1 expressions play a vital role in maintaining pain in DMH rats.
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Mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia incidence varies considerably amongst neuropathic pain patients. This study explored whether sensory or psychological factors associate with mechanical hyperalgesia and brush allodynia in a human experimental model. ⋯ We evaluated differential relationships of psychological and perceptual sensitivity to the development of capsaicin-induced mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia. Fifty percent of healthy volunteers failed to develop mechanical allodynia. Baseline pain sensitivity was greater in those developing allodynia and was related to the magnitude and area of hyperalgesia. State psychological factors, whilst unrelated to allodynia, were related to mechanical hyperalgesia. This supports that the intensity of peripheral sensory input and individual sensibility are related to development of mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia during central sensitization, whilst psychological factors play a lesser role.
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Chronic Overlapping Pain Conditions, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and temporomandibular disorder (TMD), represent a group of idiopathic pain conditions that likely have peripheral and central mechanisms contributing to their pathology, but are poorly understood. These conditions are exacerbated by stress and have a female predominance. The presence of one condition predicts the presence or development of additional conditions, making this a significant pain management problem. ⋯ PERSPECTIVE: Chronic Overlapping Pain Conditions represent a unique challenge in pain management. The diverse nature of peripheral organs hinders a clear understanding of underlying mechanisms accounting for the comorbidity. This study highlights a mismatch between the condition-dependent behavior and peripheral and spinal mechanisms that contribute to visceral pain hypersensitivity.
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During persistent pain, the dorsal spinal cord responds to painful inputs from the site of injury, but the molecular modulatory processes have not been comprehensively examined. Using transcriptomics and multiplex in situ hybridization, we identified the most highly regulated receptors and signaling molecules in rat dorsal spinal cord in peripheral inflammatory and post-surgical incisional pain models. We examined a time course of the response including acute (2 hours) and longer term (2 day) time points after peripheral injury representing the early onset and instantiation of hyperalgesic processes. ⋯ PERSPECTIVE: The deadly impact of the opioid crisis and the need to replace morphine and other opioids in clinical practice is well recognized. Embedded within this research is an overarching goal of obtaining foundational knowledge from transcriptomics to search for non-opioid analgesic targets. Developing such analgesics would address unmet clinical needs.