Articles: treatment.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Avacopan for the Treatment of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis.
The C5a receptor inhibitor avacopan is being studied for the treatment of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis. ⋯ In this trial involving patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis, avacopan was noninferior but not superior to prednisone taper with respect to remission at week 26 and was superior to prednisone taper with respect to sustained remission at week 52. All the patients received cyclophosphamide or rituximab. The safety and clinical effects of avacopan beyond 52 weeks were not addressed in the trial. (Funded by ChemoCentryx; ADVOCATE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02994927.).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Cemiplimab monotherapy for first-line treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with PD-L1 of at least 50%: a multicentre, open-label, global, phase 3, randomised, controlled trial.
We aimed to examine cemiplimab, a programmed cell death 1 inhibitor, in the first-line treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) of at least 50%. ⋯ Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and Sanofi.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Effects of Etonogestrel implants on pelvic pain and menstrual flow in women suffering from adenomyosis or endometriosis: Results from a prospective, observational study.
Adenomyosis and endometriosis are common causes of pelvic pain in women of reproductive age. Furthermore, adenomyosis is a major cause of menorrhagia. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Etonogestrel implants on pelvic pain and menstrual flow in women requiring long-acting reversible contraception and suffering from adenomyosis or endometriosis. ⋯ The menstrual volume decreased significantly compared with that at baseline ((40.69 ± 30.92) %, P < 0.05). However, vaginal bleeding, amenorrhea, weight gain, and acne occurred after treatment in some patients. Etonogestrel implants were effective in reducing pelvic pain and menstrual flow of adenomyosis or endometriosis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Phase 3 Trials of Tirbanibulin Ointment for Actinic Keratosis.
The tubulin polymerization and Src kinase signaling inhibitor tirbanibulin is being investigated as a topical treatment for actinic keratosis, a precursor of squamous-cell carcinoma. ⋯ In two identically designed trials, tirbanibulin 1% ointment applied once daily for 5 days was superior to vehicle for the treatment of actinic keratosis at 2 months but was associated with transient local reactions and recurrence of lesions at 1 year. Trials comparing tirbanibulin with conventional treatments and that have longer follow-up are needed to determine the effects of tirbanibulin therapy on actinic keratosis. (Funded by Athenex; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT03285477 and NCT03285490.).
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Multicenter Study
Physicians' perceptions regarding acute bleeding management: an international mixed qualitative quantitative study.
Acute bleeding is an omnipresent challenge for all physicians. Uncontrolled hemorrhage is the most common preventable cause of death after trauma worldwide. In different surgical disciplines, hemorrhage represents an independent risk factor for increased postoperative morbimortality, directly affecting patients' outcomes. This study asked anesthesiologists about their personal perceived challenges when treating bleeding patients. ⋯ Anesthesiologists in two large tertiary care facilities in different parts of the world found coagulation management, especially in anticoagulated patients, complex. We identified the delayed diagnostic test results and their interpretation as challenges. Resources, treatment protocols and human factors such as team communication were perceived to facilitate management. Future studies should explore the challenges in smaller hospitals and other parts of the world and test new technologies addressing the identified difficulties.