Articles: coronavirus.
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Dermatologic therapy · Jul 2020
Contributions of dermatologists to COVID-19 research: A brief systematic review.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared a pandemic. We conducted a systematic review to reveal the contribution of dermatologists in COVID-19 research. Two hundred and ninety-eight articles were included and classified into cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19, operating experience against COVID-19, mechanisms and treatment of COVID-19, disinfection and personal protective equipment (PPE)-related skin diseases, and other topics. The value of these articles and their impact on clinical impact were discussed and we hope that dermatologists can have a better understanding of these areas from this study.
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Diabetes Metab Syndr · Jul 2020
ReviewSARS-CoV-2 infection and obesity: Common inflammatory and metabolic aspects.
According to the World Obesity Federation, "obesity-related conditions seem to worsen the effect of Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2)"; additionally the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention reported that "people with heart disease and diabetes are at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 complications and that severe obesity poses a higher risk for severe illness". Recent reports have shown elevated levels of cytokines due to increased inflammation in patients with SARS-CoV-2 disease. On the other hand, obesity represents a state of low-grade inflammation, with various inflammatory products directly excreted by adipose tissue. In this concise report we aimed to assess common elements of obesity and SARS-CoV-2 infection. ⋯ Obesity and SARS-CoV-2 share common elements of the inflammatory process (and possibly also metabolic disturbances), exacerbating SARS-CoV-2 infection in the obese.
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Knowing the infection fatality rate (IFR) of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infections is essential for the fight against the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Using data through April 20, 2020, I fit a statistical model to COVID-19 case fatality rates over time at the US county level to estimate the COVID-19 IFR among symptomatic cases (IFR-S) as time goes to infinity. The IFR-S in the US was estimated to be 1.3 percent. ⋯ When used with other estimating approaches, my model and estimates can help disease and policy modelers obtain more accurate predictions for the epidemiology of the disease and the impact of various policy levers to contain the pandemic. The model could also be used with future pandemics to get an early sense of the magnitude of symptomatic infection at the population level before other direct estimates are available. Substantial variation across patient demographics likely exists and should be the focus of future studies.
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Tracheotomy, through its ability to wean patients off ventilation, can shorten ICU length of stay and in doing so increase ICU bed capacity, crucial for saving lives during the COVID-19 pandemic. To date, there is a paucity of patient selection criteria and prognosticators to facilitate decision making and enhance precious ICU capacity. ⋯ Sustained FiO2 ≤ 50% and PEEP ≤ 8 cm H2 O in the 48 hours post-tracheotomy are strong predictive factors for a good outcome, raising the potential for these patients to be stepped down early, thus increasing ICU capacity.