Articles: coronavirus.
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The primary target of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the respiratory system including the nose and lungs, however, it can also damage the kidneys, cardiovascular system and gastrointestinal system. Many recent reports suggested that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections can also affect the central nervous system as well as peripheral nervous system that lead to the several neurological complications. ⋯ The neurological complications are manifested by headache, dizziness, encephalopathy, encephalitis, cerebrovascular disease, anosmia, hypogeusia, muscle damage, etc. This review article described the possible routes and mechanism of nervous system infection and the range of neurological complications of COVID-19 that may help the medical practitioners and researchers to improve the clinical treatment and reduce the mortality rate among patients with viral diseases.
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Curr Opin Crit Care · Feb 2023
ReviewThe impact of the coronavirus pandemic on sedation in critical care: volatile anesthetics in the ICU.
To reflect on the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on sedation for mechanically ventilated patients. ⋯ Although further research is needed to establish the role of inhaled anaesthetics in critical care sedation toolkit, maintaining the spirit of innovation ignited during the recent coronavirus pandemic would require ongoing collaboration and streamlining of processes among healthcare, research and regulatory institutions.
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Curr Opin Crit Care · Feb 2023
ReviewProne positioning of nonintubated patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.
Since the early pandemic, prone positioning has been broadly utilized for nonintubated patients (so-called 'awake prone positioning, APP') with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induced acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF). ⋯ APP has been shown to improve oxygenation for patients with COVID-19 induced AHRF and is a safe treatment. However, the benefits of reducing intubation rates are only seen in moderate-to-severe patients who are undergoing HFNC treatment. In these patients, APP should be initiated early and with a target of at least 8 h/day of APP. Pillows under the body and patients-healthcare team collaboration to find the optimal position is essential to enhance patients' adherence. Oxygenation improvement and changes in the lung ultrasound findings may help to identify those patients who are more likely to avoid the need for intubation.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Feb 2023
ReviewConvalescent plasma for people with COVID-19: a living systematic review.
Convalescent plasma may reduce mortality in patients with viral respiratory diseases, and is being investigated as a potential therapy for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A thorough understanding of the current body of evidence regarding benefits and risks of this intervention is required. ⋯ For the comparison of convalescent plasma versus placebo or standard care alone, our certainty in the evidence that convalescent plasma for individuals with moderate to severe disease does not reduce mortality and has little to no impact on clinical improvement or worsening is high. It probably has little to no effect on SAEs. For individuals with mild disease, we have low certainty evidence for our primary outcomes. There are 49 ongoing studies, and 33 studies reported as complete in a trials registry. Publication of ongoing studies might resolve some of the uncertainties around convalescent plasma therapy for people with asymptomatic or mild disease.
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COVID-19 has greatly affected human life for over 3 years. In this review, we focus on smart healthcare solutions that address major requirements for coping with the COVID-19 pandemic, including (1) the continuous monitoring of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, (2) patient stratification with distinct short-term outcomes (eg, mild or severe diseases) and long-term outcomes (eg, long COVID), and (3) adherence to medication and treatments for patients with COVID-19. Smart healthcare often utilizes medical artificial intelligence (AI) and cloud computing and integrates cutting-edge biological and optoelectronic techniques. ⋯ Through the assistance of the Internet of Medical Things, which encompasses wearable devices, smartphone apps, internet-based drug delivery systems, and telemedicine technologies, the status of mild cases can be continuously monitored and medications provided at home without the need for hospital care. In cases that develop into severe cases, emergency feedback can be provided through the hospital for rapid treatment. Smart healthcare can possibly prevent the development of severe COVID-19 cases and therefore lower the burden on intensive care units.