Articles: sepsis.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
The clinical significance of serum procalcitonin levels following direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column in septic patients with colorectal perforation.
The efficacy of direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber columns (PMX) has already been demonstrated in clinical studies for the treatment of septic shock. However, serum procalcitonin levels following PMX remain unknown. ⋯ Procalcitonin may be a good indicator of severity of sepsis secondary to colorectal perforation. Furthermore, procalcitonin level at 24 h after PMX appears to predict outcome after PMX. Therefore, procalcitonin may be a useful diagnostic marker to evaluate patients' condition in candidates for PMX treatment.
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Multicenter Study
Impact of emergency intubation on central venous oxygen saturation in critically ill patients: a multicenter observational study.
Central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) has emerged as an important resuscitation goal for critically ill patients. Nevertheless, growing concerns about its limitations as a perfusion parameter have been expressed recently, including the uncommon finding of low ScvO2 values in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Emergency intubation may induce strong and eventually divergent effects on the physiologic determinants of oxygen transport (DO2) and oxygen consumption (VO2) and, thus, on ScvO2. Therefore, we conducted a study to determine the impact of emergency intubation on ScvO2. ⋯ ScvO2 increases significantly in response to emergency intubation in the majority of septic and non-septic patients. When interpreting ScvO2 during early resuscitation, it is crucial to consider whether the patient has been recently intubated or is spontaneously breathing.
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Critical care medicine · Jan 2009
Multicenter StudyA prospective, observational registry of patients with severe sepsis: the Canadian Sepsis Treatment and Response Registry.
To determine the location of acquisition, timing, and outcomes associated with severe sepsis in community and teaching hospital critical care units. ⋯ These data confirm that sepsis is common and has high mortality in general intensive care unit populations. Our results can inform healthcare system planning and clinical study designs. Modifiable variables associated with worse outcomes, such as nosocomial infection (hospital acquisition), and metabolic acidosis indicate potential targets for quality improvement initiatives that could decrease mortality and morbidity.
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Multicenter Study
Matrix metalloproteinase-9, -10, and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 blood levels as biomarkers of severity and mortality in sepsis.
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a role in infectious diseases through extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, which favors the migration of immune cells from the bloodstream to sites of inflammation. Although higher levels of MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) have been found in small series of patients with sepsis, MMP-10 levels have not been studied in this setting. The objective of this study was to determine the predictive value of MMP-9, MMP-10, and TIMP-1 on clinical severity and mortality in a large series of patients with severe sepsis. ⋯ The novel findings of our study on patients with severe sepsis (to our knowledge, the largest series reporting data about MMP levels in sepsis) are that reduced MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratios and increased MMP-10 levels may be of great pathophysiologic significance in terms of severity and mortality, and that TIMP-1 levels may represent a biomarker to predict the clinical outcome of patients with sepsis.
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Critical care medicine · Jan 2009
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyAdverse outcomes associated with the use of drotrecogin alfa (activated) in patients with severe sepsis and baseline bleeding precautions.
Key clinical trials involving drotrecogin alfa (activated) (or recombinant human activated protein C) excluded patients with specific baseline bleeding precautions. However, not all such precautions are considered contraindications to treatment with recombinant human activated protein C in current product labeling. ⋯ Patients with severe sepsis who received recombinant human activated protein C with baseline bleeding precautions as defined by product labeling had significantly higher rates of both serious bleeding events and deaths compared with those without bleeding precautions. These data suggest that strict adherence to PROWESS trial exclusion criteria would further limit serious bleeding events associated with the use of recombinant human activated protein C.