Articles: function.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Feb 2014
Up-Regulation of NaV1.7 Sodium Channels Expression by Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Cultured Bovine Adrenal Chromaffin Cells and Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons.
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is not only a key regulator of inflammatory response but also an important pain modulator. TNF-α enhances both tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) and tetrodotoxin-resistant Na channel currents in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. However, it remains unknown whether TNF-α affects the function and expression of the TTX-S NaV1.7 Na channel, which plays crucial roles in pain generation. ⋯ TNF-α up-regulated NaV1.7 mRNA in both adrenal chromaffin cells and DRG neurons. In addition, TNF-α up-regulated the protein expression of the TTX-S NaV1.7 channel in adrenal chromaffin cells. Our findings may contribute to understanding the peripheral nociceptive mechanism of TNF-α.
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Curr Opin Anaesthesiol · Feb 2014
ReviewCerebral near-infrared spectroscopy in perioperative management of left ventricular assist device and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients.
Spinal cord ischemia after thoracoabdominal aortic interventions is a devastating complication because it significantly worsens the perioperative morbidity and mortality. Long-term outcome is also affected because of medical complications which are directly related to the neural deficits. Paraplegia has significant medical, social, and financial aspects. Limited mobility, the need for assistance in activities of daily living, makes paraplegia an important target for prevention. An understanding of spinal cord blood supply, risk factors for spinal ischemia, and strategies for spinal cord rescue in this setting can help minimize the negative outcome effects of this important complication. ⋯ The progression of spinal cord ischemia after thoracoabdominal aortic interventions can frequently be arrested before irreversible infarction results. This spinal cord rescue depends on the early detection and immediate multimodal intervention to maximize spinal cord oxygen supply. The devastating outcomes associated with spinal infarction in this setting offset the risks and knowledge gaps currently associated with contemporary interventions.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Feb 2014
Review[Update glutamine and antioxidants in critically ill patients].
Critical illness leads to oxidative stress and can induce or exacerbate nutrient deficiencies. This predisposes patients in the intensive care unit to impaired immune function and increased risk of developing infectious complications, organ dysfunction, and therefore worsens clinical outcome. ⋯ The following article summarizes the rationale and provides an update on recent clinical studies with special focus on the use of glutamine and antioxidants in critically ill patients. It further provides recommendations for the clinical use of these substrates in this particular patient population.
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To study patient-level improvements in pain and limitations of key activities of daily living (ADLs) after primary or revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA). ⋯ Our study provides comprehensive data for patient-level improvements in pain and key ADLs. These data can be used to inform patients pre-operatively of expected outcomes, based on pre-operative status, which may further help patients set realistic goals for improvements after TKA.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Feb 2014
Observational StudyUse of B-type natriuretic peptides to detect the existence and severity of diastolic dysfunction in non-cardiac critically ill patients: a pilot study.
This observational study was designed to evaluate and compare the usefulness of BNP and NT-proBNP concentrations to detect the existence and severity of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) in critically ill patients. ⋯ Both BNP and NT-proBNP are useful screening tools to detect the presence of advanced degrees of LVDD, and especially to rule out elevated filling pressures.