Articles: function.
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S100 protein family, which represents 25 relatively small calcium binding proteins, is involved in many intracellular and/or extracellular processes, including differentiation, apoptosis, migration/invasion, Ca2+ homeostasis, inflammation, and tissue repair. As an important member, S100A4 was reported to have an abnormal expression in several lung diseases, such as lung cancer, pulmonary hypertension, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), etc. For example, in lung cancer, S100A4 was demonstrated to be associated to metastatic tumor progression and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). ⋯ Various studies in recent years focused on the S100A4 function in lung diseases, showing researchers' interests on this protein. It is necessary to focuses on relative studies, and make a comprehensive understanding of S100A4 in common pulmonary diseases. By doing this, this paper provides a review of the evidence for S100A4 in lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, IPF and pulmonary hypertension.
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In cancer patients, percutaneous nephrostomy (PN) catheters can be used to relieve obstruction from chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or surgery, thereby improving kidney function and preventing further kidney damage. One of the complications of PN catheters is infections. Recurrent infections may delay chemotherapy, increase antimicrobial resistance with frequent antibiotic use, deteriorate the quality of life of patients, and increase costs. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate risk factors, causative pathogens, and treatment in recurrent PN catheter-related urinary tract infections in cancer patients. ⋯ It is important to know the risk factors in recurrent PN catheter-related urinary tract infections in cancer patients, take maximum protective measures, and follow-up. Knowing both the causative profile and the resistance rates will increase the chance of success in the treatment when empirical treatment is required. It should also be noted that these patients should be included in the group of patients who need prophylaxis for urinary tract infection.
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Recent studies have identified a novel programmed cell death based on copper, named cuproptosis. However, as an anti-cuproptosis gene, the functional roles, definite mechanisms and prognostic value of CDKN2A in pan-cancer are largely unclear. The GEPIA2, cancer genome atlas (TCGA), the tumor immune estimation resource 2.0 and CPTAC databases were performed to validate the differential expression of CDKN2A in 33 tumors. ⋯ In addition, aberrant CDKN2A expression was closely correlated to immune infiltration and the levels of immune-regulatory genes. The study deeply defined the concrete roles of cuproptosis-related gene CDKN2A in tumorigenesis. The results provided new insights and pieces of evidence for treatment.
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The occurrence and development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are closely related to the immune status of the tumor-host. The immunosuppression caused by tumor cells and toxic side effects produced by chemotherapeutic drugs results in a decrease in immune function, ultimately leading to the failure of clinical chemotherapy treatment. Ginsenoside Rg3 has been clinically reported to have positive effects in enhancing immune function in patients. Thus, we screened and evaluated the quality of the evidence regarding the benefits of ginsenoside Rg3 and conducted a meta-analysis to assess the impact on improving immune function in NSCLC. ⋯ This study confirmed that ginsenoside Rg3 has some efficacy advantages for improving immune function in patients with NSCLC.
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Postoperative delirium is a common postoperative complication of neurocognitive dysfunction, especially in elderly surgical patients. Postoperative delirium not only damages patients' recovery but also increases social costs. ⋯ As traditional acupuncture therapy has been shown to be an effective treatment in many neurological disorders, and in recent years, it has begun to be clinically used as an intervention for postoperative delirium. Although most clinical and animal studies confirm that multiple types of acupuncture interventions can alleviate or prevent postoperative delirium by relieving acute postoperative pain, reducing the consumption of anesthetics and analgesics, attenuating neuroinflammation and neuronal lesions, while more evidence-based medical evidence and clinical validation are needed for these encouraging effects.