Articles: function.
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The motions of the shoulder are mainly carried out through the glenohumeral joint, but are also assisted by the scapulothoracic joint. Therefore, changes in the biomechanics of the thoracic spine and scapula affect the function of the shoulder. However, there is limited information on the biomechanical and functional characteristics of the shoulder complex and thoracic spine in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). ⋯ Patients with SIS showed reduced shoulder ROM and end-range extension of the thoracic spine compared to healthy individuals, and the scapula was in a more anterior-tilted, protracted, and downward rotated position. In addition, it showed lower external rotation and abduction strength. These results suggest the need for interventions to improve the limited thoracic extension and altered scapular position, which may affect shoulder ROM and muscle strength in the rehabilitation of patients with SIS.
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Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) describes a renal histologic lesion with diverse causes and pathogenicities. Monogenic abnormalities which are associated with impaired function of podocyte could result in FSGS. Most of genetic FSGS do not respond to immunosuppressive agents and often develop end-stage kidney disease. We reported a case of FSGS caused by myosin1e (MYO1E) mutation, alleviated by cyclosporine A (CsA) and low-dose glucocorticoid. ⋯ MYO1E autosomal recessive mutation was a rare FSGS causative mutation that might benefit from CsA treatment. However, the long-term effect of CsA on FSGS caused by this mutation should be investigated in the future.
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The high mobility group A1 (HMGA1) gene is overexpressed in malignant tumors, and its expression level correlates with the progression and metastasis of tumors. However, the specific role of HMGA1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and relevant influencing approaches in tumor immunity remain unclear. In this study, the expression and clinical significance of HMGA1 in HCC immunity were analyzed. ⋯ Amplification was the main type of genetic alteration in HMGA1. These findings demonstrate that HMGA1 can be a therapeutic target and a potential biomarker to predict the prognosis of patients with HCC. HMGA1 may affect the progression of HCC by suppressing the immune function of these patients.
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Review Case Reports
High-frequency plasma exchange therapy for immunocompromised, type I crescentic glomerulonephritis complicated with IgA nephropathy: A case report and literature review.
Anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease has been reported to coexist with other immune-mediated glomerular disorders, including antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody positive glomerulonephritis and membranous glomerulopathy. It is well known that anti-GBM disease often manifests as type I crescentic glomerulonephritis on renal biopsy. However, concurrent cases of both type I crescentic glomerulonephritis and IgA nephropathy are rare. ⋯ This case illustrates that when crescentic nephritis or anti-GBM disease is combined with other immune diseases, especially when the immune function is extremely low, if the application of high-dose steroid shocks may induce fatal infections, to some extent high frequency PE has certain advantages.
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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with an insidious onset, usually characterized by memory impairment, visual-spatial skill impairment, executive dysfunction and personality behavioral changes. Studies have confirmed that vascular dysfunction may precede AD pathological changes and can present as vascular malformations, atherosclerosis, and impaired self-regulation, and can affect oxidative stress and amyloidosis. Therefore, it is important to improve or prevent vascular dysfunction in AD patients. Regular exercise can effectively inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species during the occurrence of AD and can improve the reduction of cerebral blood flow due to AD. Previous studies have shown that exercise can achieve superior clinical results in improving vascular function in AD patients. Therefore, we hypothesize that traditional Chinese exercises (TCEs) may have a good clinical effect in improving vascular function in patients with AD. ⋯ In this study, randomized controlled trials of the effects of TCEs on vascular function in AD patients will be selected to provide evidence-based medical evidence for promoting the application of TCEs by observing the order of advantages and disadvantages of various exercise modalities through network meta-analysis.