Articles: function.
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Empathy is characterized as the ability to share one's experience and is associated with altruism. Previous work using blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI) has found that empathy is associated with greater activation in brain mechanisms supporting mentalizing (temporoparietal junction), salience (anterior cingulate cortex; insula), and self-reference (medial prefrontal cortex; precuneus). However, BOLD fMRI has some limitations that may not reliably capture the tonic experience of empathy. ⋯ There was significantly (P = 0.01) higher empathy while viewing a romantic partner in pain and greater cerebral blood flow in the right temporoparietal junction, amygdala, anterior insula, orbitofrontal cortex, and precuneus when compared with the stranger. Higher empathy was associated with greater precuneus and primary visual cortical activation. The present findings indicate that brain mechanisms supporting the embodiment of another's experience is associated with higher empathy.
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In asymptomatic patients presenting with significant internal carotid artery (ICA) stenoses undergoing endovascular revascularization, a selective angiography before stenting (CAS) is required. Sometimes, angiographic findings could be discordant from non-invasive assessment and a tool able to evaluate functional relevance of the stenosis could be of value. We sought to evaluate the usefulness of quantitative flow ratio (QFR) as angiography-based tool for functional assessment of ICA stenoses. ⋯ This study suggest the potential benefit of adopting QFR for functional assessment of extracranial ICA stenoses. These data should be validated in larger studies.
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van Kleef LA, Francque SM, Prieto-Ortiz JE, et al. Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fibrosis 5 (MAF-5) score predicts liver fibrosis risk and outcome in the general population with metabolic dysfunction. Gastroenterology. 2024;167:357-367.e9. 38513745.
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Critical care medicine · Oct 2024
Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized in Rural and Urban ICUs From 2010 to 2019.
Rural hospitals are threatened by workforce shortages and financial strain. To optimize regional critical care delivery, it is essential to understand what types of patients receive intensive care in rural and urban hospitals. ⋯ Rural hospitals care for an increasingly complex critically ill patient population with similar organ dysfunction as urban hospitals. There is a pressing need to develop policies at federal and regional healthcare system levels to support the continued provision of high-quality ICU care within rural hospitals.
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Li S, Gu HQ, Li H, et al; RAISE Investigators. Reteplase versus alteplase for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2024;390:2264-2273. 38884332.