Articles: sars-cov-2.
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Observational Study
Changes in frailty among patients hospitalized for spine pathologies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany-a nationwide observational study.
In spine care, frailty is associated with poor outcomes. The aim of this study was to describe changes in frailty in spine care during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and their relation to surgical management and outcomes. ⋯ During the COVID-19 pandemic, the proportion of high-frailty patients increased among those hospitalized for spine pathologies in Germany. Low frailty was associated with a rise in rates of spine surgery and high frailty with comparably larger increases in rates of comorbidities.
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Multicenter Study
Correlation of severity & clinical outcomes of COVID-19 with virus variants: A prospective, multicentre hospital network study.
The clinical course of COVID-19 and its prognosis are influenced by both viral and host factors. The objectives of this study were to develop a nationwide platform to investigate the molecular epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome Corona virus 2) and correlate the severity and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 with virus variants. ⋯ The authors believe that this is a first-of-its-kind study in the country that provides real-time data of virus evolution from a pan-India network of hospitals closely linked to the genome sequencing laboratories. The severity of COVID-19 could be correlated with virus variants with Omicron being the milder variant.
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Humans are exposed every day to innumerable external stimuli, both environmental and microbial. Immunological memory recalls each specific stimulus and mounts a secondary response that is faster and of a larger magnitude than the primary response; this process constitutes the basis for vaccine development. ⋯ Memory T cells have an important role in the resolution of COVID-19, and they are key pillars of immunological memory. In this review, we summarize the main findings regarding anti-SARS-CoV-2 memory T cells after infection, after vaccination, and after the combination of these two events ("hybrid immunity"), and analyze how these cells can contribute to long-term protection against the infection with SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines were rapidly implemented globally and vaccine-associated immune-related hepatitis was recently reported. We aim to investigate its impact in regions endemic of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). ⋯ COVID-19 vaccine induced hepatitis is a clinical significant complication, and HBV reactivation may account for a possible mechanism.