Articles: sars-cov-2.
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Patients with chronic kidney disease are at high risk for coronavirus disease 2019. Little is known about immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). ⋯ Both vaccines were safe and resulted in comparable antibody seroconversion in PD patients when compared with volunteers. However, mRNA-1273 vaccine induced significantly higher antibody and T cell response than ChAdOx1-S in PD patients. Booster doses are recommended for PD patients after two doses of ChAdOx1-S vaccination.
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In Taiwan, the prevalence of COVID-19 was low before April 2022. The low SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in the population of Taiwan provides an opportunity for comparison with fewer confounding factors than other populations globally. Cycle threshold (Ct) value is an easily accessible method for modeling SARS-CoV-2 dynamics. In this study, we used clinical samples collected from hospitalized patients to explore the Ct value dynamics of the Omicron variant infection. ⋯ Our study demonstrated the primary viral infection dynamics of the Omicron variant in hospitalized patients. Vaccination significantly affected viral dynamics, and antiviral agents modified viral dynamics irrespective of vaccination status. In elderly individuals, viral clearance is slower than that in adults and children.
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Observational Study
Early treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin reduces mortality rate in SARS-CoV-2 patients.
Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, millions of people have been infected and died. Different therapeutic approaches have been recommended, but only a few have shown clinical advantages. Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) has been recommended to prevent COVID-19-related thrombo-embolic events. We aimed to evaluate the impact of early treatment with LMWH on hospital admission and death in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. ⋯ Early treatment with LMWH was associated with lower mortality in our cohort. Further studies are needed to better assess the role of wider LMWH administration in terms of timing and regimen dose.
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Postgraduate medicine · Sep 2023
Acute COVID-19 in unvaccinated children without a history of previous infection during the delta and omicron periods.
The Omicron variant has been the predominant severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variant circulating in Korea since January 2022. This study evaluated and compared the clinical characteristics of children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) between the Delta and Omicron periods. ⋯ The incidence of fever and seizures was higher during the Omicron period in pediatric patients without a history of vaccination or previous COVID-19. However, the clinical severity was similar during both periods.
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Cell and cytokine analyses from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in non-critically ill patients with COVID-19 pneumonia are poorly described. This study focused on patients hospitalized in the non-intensive care unit for either suspected COVID-19 pneumonia or persistent respiratory symptoms following proven COVID-19 pneumonia. Overall, 54 patients who underwent BAL between April 2020 and February 2021 for suspected or follow-up of proven COVID-19 pneumonia were included. ⋯ In COVID-19 patients, correlations between IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ concentrations were found. Lymphocytic alveolitis with plasmacytosis was found in non-critical COVID-19 pneumonia This alveolitis is associated with the presence of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ and HGF. Alveolitis and cytokines levels decreased in post-COVID-19 pneumonia.