Articles: postoperative.
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Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IVPCA) is often used to relieve pain after colorectal surgery. This study aimed to model the trajectory of analgesic demand over time after colorectal cancer surgery and explore potentially relevant influential factors using latent curve analysis, focusing on laparoscopic-assisted surgery and renal function. ⋯ Laparoscopic-assisted surgery and renal function affected the baseline trajectory of IVPCA demand over time, but had no significant effect on its shape.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Aug 2016
Observational StudyPostoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and the Change of Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation in Elderly Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery.
In this study, we examined the relationship between postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and intraoperative regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) in elderly patients undergoing spinal surgery. ⋯ This study showed that the duration of decline in rSO2 <60% during lumbar spinal surgery was correlated with the development of POCD at the seventh postoperative day in elderly patients.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Aug 2016
Cardiopulmonary Bypass-Induced Inflammatory Response: Pathophysiology and Treatment.
The objectives of this review are to discuss the pathophysiology of the pro-inflammatory response to the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit, the impact of ischemia reperfusion injury on post-operative organ function, the compensatory anti-inflammatory response and the evidence for immune-modulatory strategies and their impact on outcomes. ⋯ Innovations such as the development of more biocompatible surfaces and miniaturized circuits, as well as the increasing expertise of surgeons, anesthesiologists and perfusionists has transformed cardiac surgery and the use of cardiopulmonary bypass into a relatively routine procedure with favorable outcomes. Despite these refinements, the attendant inflammatory response to bypass, ischemia reperfusion injury and the compensatory anti-inflammatory response contribute to post-operative morbidity and mortality. Additional studies are needed to further delineate the impact of immunomodulatory strategies on outcomes.
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Review Meta Analysis
Preoperative preemptive drug administration for acute postoperative pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Preoperative administration of pharmacological substances, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or opioids, has been gaining acclaim as a preemptive measure to minimize postoperative pain. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of this approach in adults undergoing surgical procedures. MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register were searched from inception through January 2015. ⋯ No significant effects were observed using opioids, propionic acids or oxicam derivatives. WHAT DOES THIS REVIEW ADD?: Current analyses endorse the effectiveness of COX-2 inhibitors and gabapentin in reducing acute postoperative pain when administered preemptively presurgery. Such corroboration is not found for opioids and other NSAID classes.