Articles: postoperative.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Mar 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialLong-term quit rates after a perioperative smoking cessation randomized controlled trial.
Pre-admission smoking cessation interventions have significant effect on successful longterm quitting.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Comparison of vestipitant with ondansetron for the treatment of breakthrough postoperative nausea and vomiting after failed prophylaxis with ondansetron.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is common; ondansetron is often used as prophylaxis or for breakthrough episodes. Vestipitant is a neurokinin 1 (NK-1) receptor antagonist that is effective for prophylaxis, but its efficacy for treating established PONV is unknown. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vestipitant, compared with ondansetron for the treatment of breakthrough PONV in patients who had already received prophylactic ondansetron before surgery. ⋯ NCT01507194.
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Acta neurologica Belgica · Mar 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of dexamethasone on the incidence of post-dural puncture headache after spinal anesthesia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial and a meta-analysis.
The effect of dexamethasone on post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) after spinal anesthesia has not been well elucidated. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out in patients undergoing a cesarean at the Qilu Hospital, Shandong University. The subjects were randomly divided into a placebo and a dexamethasone group. ⋯ The results indicated that prophylactic administration of 8 mg dexamethasone did not have any protective effect against PDPH (31 vs. 18, P = 0.054) and even increased the incidence of PDPH in the first 24 h in parturient patients (25 vs. 11, P = 0.016). Furthermore, the meta-analysis also showed that dexamethasone did not prevent the incidence of PDPH in the postoperative follow-up days (RR 1.05; 95 % CI 0.46-2.38; P = 0.91) and may even have increased the trend in the first 24 h. Prophylactic administration of 8 mg dexamethasone does not have any protective effect against PDPH and may even increase the incidence of PDPH in the first 24 h in patients with spinal anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Preoperative education on postoperative delirium, anxiety, and knowledge in pulmonary thromboendarterectomy patients.
Delirium is the most common postoperative psychiatric condition in intensive care settings and can lead to increased complications and costs. ⋯ The patient education appeared to be effective in improving knowledge and reducing days of mechanical ventilation. Hearing impairment was an unexpected predictor of adverse outcomes for patients but may be amenable to nursing intervention.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Feb 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialContinuous non-invasive monitoring improves blood pressure stability in upright position: randomized controlled trial.
Intermittent blood pressure (BP) monitoring is the standard-of-care during low and intermediate risk anaesthesia, yet it could lead to delayed recognition of BP fluctuations. Perioperative hypotension is known to be associated with postoperative complications. Continuous, non-invasive methods for BP monitoring have been developed recently. ⋯ No significant differences were observed in postoperative morbidity or in hospital length of stay. Continuous non-invasive BP monitoring via the CNAP® Monitor allows for better BP management in patients undergoing surgery in a beach chair position. In our randomised trial the time spent in hypotension was significantly shorter using continuous monitoring.