Articles: prospective-studies.
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Review Meta Analysis
Hormonal Gender Reassignment Treatment for Gender Dysphoria.
No data are available at present on the prevalence of gender dysphoria (trans-identity) in Germany. On the basis of estimates from the Netherlands, it can be calculated that approximately 15 000 to 25 000 persons in Germany are affected. Persons suffering from gender dysphoria often experience significant distress and have a strong desire for gender reassignment treatment. ⋯ Further prospective studies for the quantification of the risks and benefits of hormonal treatment would be desirable. Potential interactions of the hormone preparations with other medications must always be considered.
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Given that evidence supporting chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection developed chance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following antiviral agents therapy is controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to examine the risk. We evaluated 20 retrospective and prospective cohort studies published up to 31 December 2017 which investigated the association between sustained virological response (SVR) and incidence of HCC patients treated with monotherapy interferon (IFN) or IFN plus ribavirin (RBV) therapy. ⋯ Non-SVR patients had greater odds of HCC incidence compared to SVR patients in the treatment of IFN monotherapy (pooled OR = 4.135, 95% CI = 3.009 to 5.682, P < .001). Lack of SVR to IFN therapy was significantly associated with greater risk of HCC incidence (pooled OR = 5.035, 95% CI = 3.915 to 6.474, P < .001). SVR could be as a predictor of HCC in CHC patients treated with IFN or IFN plus RBV, and have important implications during HCC screening, whereby patients who fail to achieve SVR need to be screened more rigorously.
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The lancet oncology · Oct 2020
Meta AnalysisGenetic risk, incident gastric cancer, and healthy lifestyle: a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies and prospective cohort study.
Genetic variants and lifestyle factors have been associated with gastric cancer risk, but the extent to which an increased genetic risk can be offset by a healthy lifestyle remains unknown. We aimed to establish a genetic risk model for gastric cancer and assess the benefits of adhering to a healthy lifestyle in individuals with a high genetic risk. ⋯ National Key R&D Program of China, National Natural Science Foundation of China, 333 High-Level Talents Cultivation Project of Jiangsu Province, and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation.
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Increased risk and cancer-related mortality is observed in pancreatic cancer (PC) patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Whether using metformin as glucose-lowering therapy can result in survival benefit in this group of patients is still unclear. ⋯ These results suggest that metformin is associated with survival benefit in patients with PC and concurrent DM. Further randomized controlled trials and prospective studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm our findings.
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This study aimed to provide reliable estimates for dietary antioxidant vitamin (vitamins A, C, and E) intake and their effect on fracture risk at various sites. ⋯ Fracture risk at any site is significantly reduced with increased antioxidant vitamin intake, especially vitamin E intake and in men.