Articles: prospective-studies.
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Review Meta Analysis
Type 2 Diabetes as a Risk Factor for Dementia in Women Compared With Men: A Pooled Analysis of 2.3 Million People Comprising More Than 100,000 Cases of Dementia.
Type 2 diabetes confers a greater excess risk of cardiovascular disease in women than in men. Diabetes is also a risk factor for dementia, but whether the association is similar in women and men remains unknown. We performed a meta-analysis of unpublished data to estimate the sex-specific relationship between women and men with diabetes with incident dementia. ⋯ Individuals with type 2 diabetes are at ∼60% greater risk for the development of dementia compared with those without diabetes. For vascular dementia, but not for nonvascular dementia, the additional risk is greater in women.
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Axillary reverse mapping (ARM) assesses the lymphatic drainage of the arm simultaneously with that of the breast, enabling preservation of arm lymphatics during axillary surgery for breast cancer. This article systematically reviews the evidence on the lymphoedema rate and oncological safety of the ARM technique. ⋯ ARM can achieve low rates of lymphoedema, but the risk of metastasis in crossover and clinically suspicious ARM nodes, or those in close proximity to an involved sentinel node, warrants their excision.
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J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Feb 2016
ReviewA systematic review of the use of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in the management of hemorrhagic shock.
Torso hemorrhage remains a leading cause of potentially preventable death within trauma, acute care, vascular, and obstetric practice. A proportion of patients exsanguinate before hemorrhage control. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is an adjunct designed to sustain the circulation until definitive hemostasis. A systematic review was conducted to characterize the current clinical use of REBOA and its effect on hemodynamic profile and mortality. ⋯ Systematic review, level IV.
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There has been an exponential increase in the frequency of immune deviations in young children. Consequently, research investigating environmental causes for this increase has become a Public Health priority. We have summarized the experimental observations and epidemiological data that could link repeated acetaminophen and ibuprofen exposure in early infancy to this increase. ⋯ Repeatedly exposed young animals do not develop tolerance to food antigens and exhibit autoimmune deviations. Several recent epidemiological studies have also reported on the magnitude of acetaminophen and ibuprofen exposure in children and the increase in immune deviations, it is important to better understand the potential negative impact of repeated inhibitions of prostaglandin synthesis by COX2s during infancy. Since acetaminophen and ibuprofen are commonly administered analgesics and antipyretics, a well-designed prospective strategy for pharmacovigilance and -epidemiology of COX-inhibitor exposure in infancy is urgently needed.
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Arch. Gynecol. Obstet. · Jan 2016
Review Meta AnalysisGreen tea, black tea consumption and risk of endometrial cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Several studies have assessed the association between green and black tea consumption and the risk of endometrial cancer (EC) and have yielded inconsistent results. ⋯ The results from this meta-analysis indicate that green tea, but not black tea, may be related to a reduction of EC risk. Large population-based randomized controlled trials and large prospective cohort studies are required to obtain a definitive conclusion and determine the mechanisms underlying this association.