Articles: prospective-studies.
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Meta Analysis
The impact of plant-based diets on female bone mineral density: Evidence based on seventeen studies.
An increase in awareness of plant-based diets has brought forth numerous studies on bone mineral density (BMD). The present systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to compare the effect between plant-based diets and omnivores on female BMD. ⋯ The present meta-analysis indicated that plant-based diets may be correlated with lower BMD of women when compared with omnivore population. However, this does not diminish the fact that a plant-based diet can be a harmful option to the overall bone health of population and more prospective researches are needed to clear the impact of plant-based diets on bone health.
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Meta Analysis
Association between thyroid dysfunction and type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of prospective observational studies.
Diabetes mellitus and thyroid disease are two areas of broad interest in the field of endocrinology and metabolism. Variation of thyroid hormone concentration, even within the normal range, may portend the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), especially among those with prediabetes. However, current evidence is mixed. ⋯ Our meta-analysis determined that abnormal thyroid hormone level is associated with an increased risk of T2DM, showing a J-shaped relationship with TSH and inverted-J-shaped relationships with FT3 and FT4.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jul 2021
Review Meta AnalysisMedical adjuvant treatment to increase patency of arteriovenous fistulae and grafts.
People with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) often require either the formation of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or an interposition prosthetic arteriovenous graft (AVG) for haemodialysis. These access sites should ideally have a long life and a low rate of complications (e.g. thrombosis, infection, stenosis, aneurysm formation and distal limb ischaemia). Although some of the complications may be unavoidable, any adjuvant technique or medical treatment aimed at decreasing complications would be welcome. This is the fourth update of the review first published in 2003. ⋯ The meta-analyses of three studies for ticlopidine (an antiplatelet treatment), which all used the same dose of treatment but with a short follow-up of only one month, suggest ticlopidine may have a beneficial effect as an adjuvant treatment to increase the patency of AVFs and AVGs in the short term. There was insufficient evidence to determine if there was a difference in graft patency between placebo and other treatments such as aspirin, fish oil, clopidogrel, dipyridamole, dipyridamole plus aspirin, warfarin, sulphinpyrazone and GTN patch. The certainty of the evidence was low to moderate due to short follow-up periods, the small number of studies for each comparison, small sample sizes, heterogeneity between trials and risk of bias due to incomplete reporting. Therefore, it appears reasonable to suggest further prospective studies be undertaken to assess the use of these antiplatelet drugs in renal patients with an AVF or AVG.
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Meta Analysis
Fixation options for reconstruction of the greater trochanter in unstable intertrochanteric fracture with arthroplasty.
With the aggravation of population aging, the incidence of intertrochanteric fracture also increases dramatically. Patients are often elderly accompany with severe osteoporosis and various complications. Therefore, we should select an individualized treatment based on the each patient's state. Arthroplasty is recommended for unstable fractures with obvious osteoporosis, ipsilateral femoral head necrosis or arthritis. Rigid fixation of the greater trochanter with arthroplasty is challenging because of the powerful pulling forces created by multiple muscles being transmitted to the greater trochanter. Currently, there are few contemporary literatures on the evaluation of unstable intertrochanteric fracture with efficient fixation of the greater trochanter. Moreover, there is no consensus to choose which implant to immobilize the greater trochanter. The purpose of this study was to review previous literatures and provide a valuable guidance. ⋯ The locking plate, which not only provides rigid fixation but also results in lower rate of postoperative complications. However, further prospective randomized and cohort studies are needed.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Treatment for overactive bladder: A meta-analysis of transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation versus percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation.
We aim to compare the safety and effectiveness of transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (TTNS) versus percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) in treating overactive bladder. ⋯ Current data supported that TTNS is as effective as PTNS for the treatment of overactive bladder, moreover, with no reported adverse events. However, the evidence is low-grade and well-designed prospective studies with a large sample size are warranted to verify our findings.