Articles: sensitivity-specificity.
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Observational Study
Association between swallowing disorder and prevertebral hyperintensity on magnetic resonance imaging in patients after cervical cord injury without major fracture.
This study aimed to clarify the association between swallowing disorder and prevertebral hyperintensity on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) without a major fracture. This retrospective observational study included 30 patients who were diagnosed with acute CSCI without a major fracture (mean age: 69.3 years, 27 men). Swallowing disorder was defined as tube-dependent nutrition because of obvious aspiration 28 days after injury. ⋯ The optimal cutoff point of the HIA was measured at 203.2 mm2 with 80.0% and 20.0% sensitivity and specificity, respectively, with an area under the curve of 0.848 (95% confidence interval, 0.657-1.000, P = .01). The prevertebral hyperintensity area on MRI for swallowing disorder in patients after cervical cord injury without skeletal injury is associated with swallowing disorder. The optimal cutoff point of the area was determined to be 203.2 mm2.
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J Clin Monit Comput · Dec 2023
Review Meta AnalysisConfirming identification of the epidural space: a systematic review of electric stimulation, pressure waveform analysis, and ultrasound and a meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy in acute pain.
To review the use of epidural electric stimulation test, pressure waveform analysis, and ultrasound assessment of injection as bedside methods for confirming identification of the epidural space in adults with acute pain, the PubMed database was searched for relevant reports between May and August 2022. Studies reporting diagnostic accuracy with conventional Touhy needles and epidural catheters were further selected for meta-analysis. Sensitivity and specificity were estimated using univariate logistic regression for electric stimulation and pressure analysis, and pooling of similar studies for ultrasound. ⋯ Risk of bias was significant and accuracy estimates must be interpreted with caution. Electric stimulation and pressure waveform analysis seem clinically useful, although they must be interpreted cautiously. In the future, clinical trials in patients with difficult anatomy will likely be most useful. Ultrasound requires further investigation.
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African health sciences · Dec 2023
Performance of two SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen detection tests in resource limited settings, the case of Mali.
While real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) is the recommended laboratory method to diagnose severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, its use in resource limited settings can be difficult to maintain due to high testing demand and shortage of reagents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performances of Realy Tech™ and Standard Q™ in comparison to RT-PCR in a relatively low COVID-19 prevalence setting, Mali. ⋯ While waiting for more complete data, these preliminary studies suggest that Realy Tech™ and Standard Q™ should not be used alone for COVID-19 diagnosis in Mali.
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Observational Study
Hsa_circ_0124554 may serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer: An observational study.
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in the occurrence and development of cancer, and have been shown with diagnostic values in various cancers. The latest research showed that hsa_circ_0124554 is closely related to liver metastasis and vascular invasion in colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate whether hsa_circ_0124554 can be used as a diagnostic marker for CRC. ⋯ The AUC of the expression combined hsa_circ_0124554, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) had the best diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.899) in the CRC groups, and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.844 and 0.844. The expression of hsa_circ_0124554 was up-regulated in the tissues and plasma in CRC patients, which may be a new biomarker for the diagnosis of CRC. The combination hsa_circ_0124554, CEA and CA199 has the best diagnostic efficacy in CRC.
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Noninvasive tests for colorectal cancer screening must include sensitive detection of colorectal cancer and precancerous lesions. These tests must be validated for the intended-use population, which includes average-risk individuals 45 years or older. ⋯ In individuals 45 years and older, the mt-sRNA test showed high sensitivity for colorectal neoplasia (colorectal cancer and advanced adenoma) with significant improvement in sensitivity relative to the FIT. Specificity for no lesions on colonoscopy was comparable to existing molecular diagnostic tests.