Articles: narcotic-antagonists.
-
Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Population pharmacokinetics of intravenous, intramuscular, and intranasal naloxone in human volunteers.
To investigate the pharmacokinetics of naloxone in healthy volunteers, we undertook an open-label crossover study in which six male volunteers received naloxone on five occasions: intravenous (0.8 mg), intramuscular (0.8 mg), intranasal (0.8 mg), intravenous (2 mg), and intranasal (2 mg). Samples were collected for 4 hours after administration for 128 samples in total. A population pharmacokinetic analysis was undertaken using NONMEM. ⋯ A combination of intravenous and intramuscular naloxone provided immediate high and then detectable concentrations for 4 hours. Intranasal naloxone had poor bioavailability compared with intramuscular. Combined intravenous and intramuscular administration may be a useful alternative to naloxone infusions.
-
Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Aug 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyPatient assessment of a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of severe, chronic pain.
Opioid-induced constipation can have a major negative impact on patients' quality of life. This randomised clinical trial evaluated patient assessment of the efficacy and tolerability of oral prolonged-release (PR) oxycodone when co-administered with oral naloxone PR. ⋯ The co-administration of oral naloxone PR with oxycodone PR improves patient assessment of analgesic opioid therapy for severe chronic pain, in terms of both efficacy and tolerability.
-
Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. · Aug 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyClinical trial: alvimopan for the management of post-operative ileus after abdominal surgery: results of an international randomized, double-blind, multicentre, placebo-controlled clinical study.
Post-operative ileus (POI) affects most patients undergoing abdominal surgery. ⋯ Although the significant clinical effect of alvimopan on reducing POI observed in previous trials was not reproduced, this trial suggests potential benefit in bowel resection patients who received PCA.