Articles: dermatitis-complications.
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Allergic contact dermatitis is a skin inflammatory disease manifested with itch and pain symptom around the inflamed area. Chemokines such as CXCL12 are involved in the pathophysiology of allergic contact dermatitis, but little has been known about the effect of CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling for nociceptive sensation accompanying allergic contact dermatitis. Our study showed that CXCL12 and CXCR4 were upregulated in trigeminal ganglion with the progression of allergic contact dermatitis through western blotting and immunofluorescence. ⋯ CXCR4 and CXCL12 were also expressed in trigeminal ganglion neurons retrograded from the skin lesion. Intradermal injection of CXCL12 enhanced the itch- and pain-like behavior which could be relieved by AMD3100, a CXCR4 antagonist, without changes of mast cells. Our findings suggested that blockade of CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling pathway might be beneficial to relieve itch and pain sensation accompanying allergic contact dermatitis.
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The relationship between atopic dermatitis (AD), anxiety and depression in the U.S. adult population is not well established. ⋯ AD is associated with significantly increased anxiety and depression, which may go undiagnosed. What's already known about this topic? Previous studies found higher rates of anxiety and depression in clinical cohorts of patients with atopic dermatitis. What does this study add? This study found dramatically higher rates of anxiety and depression among adults with atopic dermatitis in the U.S. population, which was primarily driven by atopic dermatitis severity. Anxiety and depression often go undiagnosed in adults with atopic dermatitis.
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Over the past few decades, an increase in the prevalence of asthma and food allergy has been observed in the pediatric population. In infants, food sensitization, particularly to egg, has increased the risk of developing allergic asthma. ⋯ Therefore, an accurate clinical and phenotype characterization of this high-risk group of children with both asthma and food allergy and a more aggressive management might lead to reducing related morbidity and mortality. The aim of this review is to provide an updated overview on the close link between food allergy and asthma and their negative mutual influence.
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Melasma and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) are the most common forms of dyschromia in patients with skin of color. Both are associated with a high psychological burden of disease. To exacerbate this burden, the need for treatment is chronic, and the results are often suboptimal in the eyes of the patient. ⋯ The latter is often multimodal in its design, incorporating sun protection, topical and systemic medications, and in some cases, procedural intervention. Although topical hydroquinone is a mainstay of treatment for melasma and PIH, there are alternatives that have emerged as of late that have shown varying degrees of promise, both in terms of safety and efficacy. In this article, we review the epidemiological, clinical, and histologic features of melasma and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, and discuss important considerations for both established and emerging treatments for these vexingly common and difficult to treat conditions.