Articles: regulatory-t-lymphocytes.
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Bee venom has long been used to treat various inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. Previously, we reported that bee venom phospholipase A₂ (bvPLA₂) has an anti-inflammatory effect through the induction of regulatory T cells. Radiotherapy is a common anti-cancer method, but often causes adverse effects, such as inflammation. ⋯ The histological results also demonstrated the attenuating effect of bvPLA₂ on radiation-induced lung inflammation. Furthermore, regulatory T cell depletion abolished the therapeutic effects of bvPLA₂ in radiation-induced pneumonitis, implicating the anti-inflammatory effects of bvPLA₂ are dependent upon regulatory T cells. These results support the therapeutic potential of bvPLA₂ in radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis treatments.
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Abatacept (CTLA-4Ig) blocks CD28-mediated T cell activation by binding to the costimulatory B7 ligands CD80/CD86 on antigen presenting cells. Costimulatory molecules, however, can also be expressed on T cells upon activation. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate direct effects of CTLA-4Ig on distinct T cell subsets in RA patients. ⋯ CTLA-4Ig therapy in RA patients exerts effects beyond the suppression of T cell activation, which has to be taken into account as an additional mechanism of CTLA-4Ig treatment.
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Forkhead box protein p3-positive (FoxP3(+)) regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress host T-cell-mediated immune responses, limit surveillance against cancers, and have been associated with a poor prognosis. ⋯ FoxP3(+) Treg expression is an independent prognostic factor in patients with PNETs, associated with statistically significant shorter overall survival. There is a role for additional research into the immune-mediated role of FoxP3(+) Tregs in PNETs.
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The development and maintenance of immune tolerance after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) requires the balanced reconstitution of donor-derived CD4 regulatory T cells (CD4Tregs) as well as effector CD4 (conventional CD4 T cells [CD4Tcons]) and CD8 T cells. To characterize the complex mechanisms that lead to unbalanced recovery of these distinct T-cell populations, we studied 107 adult patients who received T-replete stem cell grafts after reduced-intensity conditioning. Immune reconstitution of CD4Treg, CD4Tcon, and CD8 T cells was monitored for a 2-year period. ⋯ Intracellular expression of BCL2 was increased in CD4Tcon and CD8 T cells in the first 3 to 6 months after HSCT. Early recovery of naive and CM fractions within each T-cell population 3 months after transplant was also strongly correlated with the subsequent development of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). These dynamic imbalances favor the production, expansion, and persistence of effector T cells over CD4Tregs and were associated with the development of chronic GVHD.
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Delayed graft function (DGF) and slow graft function (SGF) are ischemia-reperfusion-associated acute kidney injuries (AKI) that decrease long-term graft survival after kidney transplantation. Regulatory T (Treg) cells are protective in murine AKI, and their suppressive function predictive of AKI in kidney transplantation. The conventional Treg cell function coculture assay is however time-consuming and labor intensive. We sought a simpler alternative to measure Treg cell function and predict AKI. ⋯ Pretransplant recipient circulating CD4+CD127lo/-TNFR2+ Treg cell is potentially a simpler alternative to Treg cell function as a pretransplant recipient immune marker for AKI (DGF + SGF), independent from donor and organ procurement characteristics.