Articles: peripheral-nerve-injuries.
-
Some of the experimental, pathologic, and clinical features of extremity compression are reviewed with special reference to vulnerability of peripheral nerves to compressive forces at specific anatomic locations. Attention is directed toward syndromes resulting from mechanical factors, and it should be pointed out that a nerve can be compressed at more than one level. Localized peripheral nerve compression is common in clinical medicine; carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common example. Physicians who maintain a high index of suspicion to the signs and symptoms of peripheral nerve compression will diagnose and treat these conditions earlier and thereby reduce the number of patients who develop permanent functional disabilities.
-
J Bone Joint Surg Am · Jan 1982
Case ReportsLong-term pain control by direct peripheral-nerve stimulation.
In 1970, we began implanting electrodes for prolonged stimulation of injured peripheral nerves to reduce chronic pain. Thirty-eight peripheral nerves in thirty-five patients have been stimulated with electrodes for a period ranging from four to nine years. Nineteen electrode systems were implanted in the upper extremity (eleven on the median nerve, six on the ulnar nerve, one on the median and ulnar nerves, and one on the median and radial nerves), with successful relief of pain in 52..6 per cent of the patients. ⋯ We speculate that the stress of weight-bearing and the anatomical position of the posterior tibial nerve may partially account for this rate of failure. Use of the electrode-implant systems required careful preoperative assessment by an experienced team, meticulous technique, and a mechanical system that tolerates stress. The location and characteristics of the lesion affect the response to electrical stimulation.
-
Helvetica chirurgica acta · Jun 1980
[Missed tendon and nerve injuries in the newly traumatized hand - a prospective study].
In a series of 94 open hand injuries the preoperative findings are compared to those found during the operative procedure. Tendon and nerve injuries were diagnosed preoperatively only in 60% of the cases. The importance of the correct operative revision is emphasized.
-
Injury to peripheral nerves complicating deep intramuscular injections of antibiotic and other agents is well recognized and can result in significant permanent neurological deficit. The purpose of this paper is to review the subject of nerve injection injuries, and report on a series of recent experimental studies carried out in this laboratory designed to improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of this condition and help provide a rational basis for its treatment. A wide variety of chemotherapeutic, prophylactic, and local anaesthetic agents in common use were injected into the sciatic nerve of the adult Wistar rat. ⋯ Pathological alterations in the nerve were evident as early as 30 minutes following injection injury. Regeneration was a constant finding in nerve damage by injection of the various agents. The mechanism of injury appeared to be a direct toxic effect of the injected compound on neural tissue, with an associated break down of the blood-nerve barrier.