Articles: opioid.
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Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med · Feb 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialImpact of preoperative continuous femoral blockades on morphine consumption and morphine side effects in hip-fracture patients: A randomized, placebo-controlled study.
Upon arrival at the emergency department, hip-fracture pain relief is usually carried out via systemic opioids. Continuous nerve blocks are efficient in the postoperative period, but have not been evaluated preoperatively. This study compared the reduction in morphine consumption and related side effects of a continuous femoral block with a single shot block in hip-fracture patients. ⋯ Preoperative continuous femoral blockades using ropivacaine reduce morphine side effects (mainly nausea) in hip-fracture patients without reducing morphine consumption.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of low-dose morphine on perceived sleep quality in patients with refractory breathlessness: A hypothesis generating study.
The management of chronic refractory breathlessness is one of the indications for regular low-dose (≤30 mg/24 h) oral sustained release morphine. Morphine may disrupt sleep in some conditions and improve sleep quality in others. This study aimed to determine any signal of regular, low-dose morphine on perceived sleep disruption due to breathlessness and perceived sleep quality. ⋯ Four days of low-dose morphine improved perceived sleep quality in elderly participants with refractory breathlessness. Regular low-dose morphine targeted to reduce refractory breathlessness may yield associated benefits by reducing sleep disruption and improving sleep quality.
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Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther · Jan 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of preoperative intravenous oxycodone administration on sufentanil consumption after retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative intravenous oxycodone administration on postoperative sufentanil consumption in patients undergoing retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy. ⋯ Preoperative intravenous oxycodone can reduce postoperative cumulative sufentanil consumption and postoperative pain intensity without an increase in side effects.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Antagonist Dextromethorphan on Opioid Analgesia in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.
Objective. Pain control is an essential goal in the management of critical children. Narcotics are the mainstay for pain control. ⋯ Conclusions. Dextromethorphan has no effect on opioid requirement for control of acute pain in children admitted with acute critical care illness in PICU. The registration number for this trial is NCT01553435.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Opioid use and walking among patients with chronic low back pain.
This study examined the effect of a walking intervention on step counts among patients with chronic back pain who report opioid use. Data were collected as part of a randomized trial to reduce back-pain-related disability. Participants (n = 118 usual care, 111 intervention) were Veterans receiving care within one healthcare system. ⋯ Among nonopioid users, there was no change for those in the intervention (-16 steps) and an increase of about 660 steps for those assigned to usual care (between-group difference = 683 steps, p = 0.17). These data show that patients taking opioids may engage in walking to help manage their back pain. This finding emphasizes the importance of encouraging the use of alternative pain management strategies for these patients.