Articles: opioid.
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Insufficient pain management in vulnerable older persons living in long-term care facilities is common, and opiophobia might contribute to this. As opiophobia and its related factors have not been investigated in long-term care, this study evaluates the degree of knowledge of opioids among elderly-care physicians (ECPs) and ECP trainees, as well as their attitudes and other factors possibly influencing the clinical use of opioids in these facilities. ⋯ Factors identified in this study may help provide better pain management for vulnerable older persons living in a long-term care facility. Also, more patient information on the pros and cons of opioid use is needed, as well as appropriate tools for better clinical assessment of pain in a long-term care population.
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Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf · Jun 2017
Low-dose naltrexone and opioid consumption: a drug utilization cohort study based on data from the Norwegian prescription database.
Low-dose naltrexone (LDN) is used in a wide range of conditions, including chronic pain and fibromyalgia. Because of the opioid antagonism of naltrexone, LDN users are probably often warned against concomitant use with opioids. In this study, based on data from the Norwegian prescription database, we examine changes in opioid consumption after starting LDN therapy. ⋯ Possibly, LDN users avoided opioids because of warnings on concomitant use or the patients continuing on LDN were less opioid dependent than those terminating LDN. Therapeutic effects of LDN contributing to lower opioid consumption cannot be ruled out. © 2017 The Authors. Pharmacoepidemiology & Drug Safety Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2017
Assessing the survival impact of perioperative opioid consumption in children and adolescents undergoing cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.
Several studies in adult patients have suggested an unfavorable association between opioid consumption and cancer progression. ⋯ In this retrospective study of children and adolescents who had undergone cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, there was no statistically significant association between opioid consumption and recurrence-free survival or overall survival.
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United European Gastroenterol J · Jun 2017
Prevalence and clinical features of opioid-induced constipation in the general population: A French study of 15,000 individuals.
Constipation is common during opioid therapy and can compromise analgesia. ⋯ Approximately one-third of a representative French population had used opioids within the previous six months, and 9% of users had experienced OIC, which is more frequent in case of regular use. OIC appears to be under-treated, and participants' satisfaction with their constipation medications was only moderate, suggesting that significant unmet need remains in OIC management.
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Cigarette smokers seeking treatment for chronic pain have higher rates of opioid use than nonsmokers. This study aims to examine whether veterans of Operations Enduring Freedom/Iraqi Freedom/New Dawn (OEF/OIF/OND) who smoke are more likely to receive an opioid prescription than nonsmokers, adjusting for current pain intensity. ⋯ We found an association between smoking status and receipt of an opioid prescription. The effect was stronger for current smokers than former smokers, highlighting the need to determine whether smoking cessation is associated with a reduction in opioid use among veterans.