Articles: acetaminophen.
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This study aimed to model the population pharmacokinetics of intravenous paracetamol and its major metabolites in neonates and to identify influential patient characteristics, especially those affecting the formation clearance (CLformation) of oxidative pathway metabolites. ⋯ The parent-metabolite model successfully characterized the pharmacokinetics of intravenous paracetamol and its metabolites in neonates. Maturational changes in the fraction of paracetamol undergoing oxidation were small relative to between-subject variability.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
I.V. paracetamol as an adjunct to patient-controlled epidural analgesia with levobupivacaine and fentanyl in labour: a randomized controlled study.
Use of i.v. paracetamol for postoperative pain is well documented, but it is unclear if it can reduce the consumption of opioids during patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) in labouring parturients. ⋯ Clinical Trials Registry-India (http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/login.php), trial registration number 2013/09/003968.
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Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg · Nov 2016
Primary Caregiver Perception of Pain Control following Pediatric Adenotonsillectomy: A Cross-Sectional Survey.
To (1) review pain medications prescribed following pediatric adenotonsillectomy (T&A), (2) identify pain medications reported to be helpful, and (3) compare parent-reported outcomes among various combinations of pain medications. ⋯ For pediatric T&A, significant variation exists in the management of postoperative pain. Parents of children given ibuprofen reported less pain than those given narcotics with and without ibuprofen. Further studies are needed to identify the optimal pain regimen for children after T&A.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison of naproxen with cyclobenzaprine, oxycodone-acetaminophen, and placebo for the treatment of acute low back pain.
Clinical Question Does the addition of cyclobenzaprine or oxycodone with acetaminophen to naproxen result in improved functional outcomes at one week when compared to placebo in patients with acute low back pain? Article Chosen Friedman B, Dym A, Davitt, M, et al. Naproxen with cyclobenzaprine, oxycodone/acetaminophen, or placebo for treating acute low back pain: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2015:20;314(15):1572-80. Study Objective The primary objective of this study was to compare functional outcomes at one week and three months after emergency department (ED) presentation for acute low back pain among patients prescribed naproxen plus one of the following: (1) oxycodone/acetaminophen; (2) cyclobenzaprine; or (3) placebo.
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Postoperative pain results in multiple undesirable physiologic and psychological outcomes, and it should be managed in a multimodal approach. This article reviews the latest scientific literature of NSAIDs in the treatment of postoperative pain. The goal is to answer the following questions: (1) Are NSAIDs effective in the postoperative period? (2) Are NSAIDs safe in all surgical patients? and (3) Are adverse effects of NSAIDs increased or diminished in the acute postoperative period? ⋯ NSAIDs are safe and effective in the treatment of postoperative pain, and they should be administered to all postoperative surgical patients unless contraindicated. Based on literature, NSAIDs have been shown to increase patient satisfaction and decrease opioid requirements, minimizing opiate-induced adverse events. They have no increased incidence of adverse effects during the acute postoperative period. NSAIDs and COX-2 inhibitors, however, should be used with caution in colorectal surgery as they are proven to increase the risk of anastomotic leak.