Articles: acetaminophen.
-
Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. · Mar 2016
ReviewAcetaminophen for Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review on Efficacy.
Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is the most commonly used analgesic worldwide and recommended as first-line treatment in all pain conditions by WHO. We performed a systematic literature review to evaluate the efficacy of acetaminophen when used for chronic pain conditions. Applying three broad search strategies for acetaminophen use in chronic pain in both Embase and PubMed, 1551 hits were obtained. ⋯ All included studies showed no or little efficacy with dubious clinical relevance. In conclusion, there is little evidence to support the efficacy of acetaminophen treatment in patients with chronic pain conditions. Assessment of continuous efficacy in the many patients using acetaminophen worldwide is recommended.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Correlation of Subjective Effects with Systemic Opioid Exposure from Fixed-Dose Combinations of Oxycodone/Acetaminophen in Recreational Users of Prescription Drugs.
To correlate abuse-related pharmacodynamic measures and pharmacokinetic measures after administering immediate-release/extended-release and immediate-release oxycodone/acetaminophen fixed-dose combination analgesicsDesign. Randomized, double-blind, active- and placebo-controlled, 7-way crossover studySetting. Contract research organizationSubjects. Nondependent recreational users of prescription opioids. ⋯ Immediate-release/extended-release oxycodone/acetaminophen produced lower oxycodone Cmax and longer tmax than immediate-release oxycodone/acetaminophen. Lower oxycodone concentrations, particularly at earlier time points, were strongly correlated with lesser positive subjective drug effects.
-
Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol · Mar 2016
ReviewNon-opioid analgesics: Novel approaches to perioperative analgesia for major spine surgery.
Perioperative pain management is a significant challenge following major spine surgery. Many pathways contribute to perioperative pain, including nociceptive, inflammatory, and neuropathic sources. Although opioids have long been a mainstay for perioperative analgesia, other non-opioid therapies have been increasingly used as part of a multimodal analgesic regimen to provide improved pain control while minimizing opioid-related side effects. Here we review the evidence supporting the use of novel analgesic approaches as an alternative to intravenous opioids for major spine surgery.